---
title: sourness — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «sourness» in the school dictionary: A sharp, acid taste, like lemons or vinegar. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# sourness

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**Who acts:** sourness, face, you, tongue, milk · **What happens:** temper, make, screw up, add, reduce, taste · **To what, where:** face, sugar, sourness, us, party

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«sourness» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [sourness in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/sourness.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A sharp, acid taste, like lemons or vinegar.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sourness:m1:1
# text = A sharp, acid taste, like lemons or vinegar.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
2	sharp	sharp	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	acid	acid	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	taste	taste	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
7	like	like	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	lemons	lemon	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	appos	_	_
9	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	vinegar	vinegar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A bad-tempered, bitter or unfriendly mood or feeling.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sourness:m2:1
# text = A bad-tempered, bitter or unfriendly mood or feeling.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
2	bad	bad	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	tempered	temper	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	9	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
6	bitter	bitter	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
7	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	unfriendly	unfriendly	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	mood	mood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
10	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	feeling	feeling	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **temper** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The sourness of the lemon made my face screw up.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sourness:x1:1
# text = The sourness of the lemon made my face screw up.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	sourness	sourness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	lemon	lemon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	face	face	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
9	screw	screw	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	xcomp	_	_
10	up	up	ADP	RP	_	9	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | past | the sourness of the lemon | my face |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **screw up** | infinitive | my face *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn tape-22.4 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Add sugar to reduce the sourness of the rhubarb.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sourness:x2:1
# text = Add sugar to reduce the sourness of the rhubarb.
1	Add	add	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	sugar	sugar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
3	to	to	PART	TO	_	4	mark	_	_
4	reduce	reduce	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	1	advcl	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	sourness	sourness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	rhubarb	rhubarb	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **add** *speech: assert* | imperative | you *not said here* | sugar |  |  |  |  | vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sugar=Patient |
| 2 | **reduce** | to-infinitive | you *not said here* | the sourness of the rhubarb |  |  |  |  | vn limit-76 «NP V NP»: agent=Causer sourness=Patient |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Our tongue can taste sourness, sweetness, saltiness, bitterness and umami.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sourness:x3:1
# text = Our tongue can taste sourness, sweetness, saltiness, bitterness and umami.
1	Our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	tongue	tongue	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	taste	taste	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	sourness	sourness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
7	sweetness	sweetness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
9	saltiness	saltiness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
11	bitterness	bitterness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	umami	umami	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **taste** | can | Our tongue | sourness and sweetness and saltiness and bitterness and umami |  |  |  |  | vn seem-109 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Theme sourness=Attribute |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
There was a sourness between the two friends after the argument.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sourness:x4:1
# text = There was a sourness between the two friends after the argument.
1	There	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	2	expl	_	_
2	was	be	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	sourness	sourness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
5	between	between	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	8	nummod	_	_
8	friends	friend	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nmod	_	_
9	after	after	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	argument	argument	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **be** | past | a sourness between the two friends after the argument |  |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The milk had a sourness that told us it was off.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sourness:x5:1
# text = The milk had a sourness that told us it was off.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	milk	milk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	sourness	sourness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	7	nsubj	_	_
7	told	tell	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	acl:relcl	_	_
8	us	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	7	iobj	_	_
9	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
10	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	cop	_	_
11	off	off	ADP	RP	_	7	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | the milk | a sourness |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sourness=Patient |
| 2 | **tell off** *speech: assert* | past | a sourness |  | us |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent we=Recipient |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
His sourness spoiled the party.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sourness:x6:1
# text = His sourness spoiled the party.
1	His	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	sourness	sourness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	spoiled	spoil	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	party	party	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **spoil** | past | His sourness | the party |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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