---
title: souvenir — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «souvenir» in the school dictionary: A souvenir is something you buy or keep to remember a place you visited or an event you went to. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# souvenir

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** souvenir, you, event, I, souvenir shop, She · **What happens:** be, buy, keep, remember, visit, go · **To what, where:** something, place, keyring, mugs, ticket, souvenir

<!-- .vabout -->
«souvenir» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [souvenir in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/souvenir.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A souvenir is something you buy or keep to remember a place you visited or an event you went to.

<!-- fold The tree, 20 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:souvenir:m1:1
# text = A souvenir is something you buy or keep to remember a place you visited or an event you went to.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	souvenir	souvenir	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	0	root	_	_
5	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
6	buy	buy	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	acl:relcl	_	_
7	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	keep	keep	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
9	to	to	PART	TO	_	10	mark	_	_
10	remember	remember	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	xcomp	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	_
13	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	14	nsubj	_	_
14	visited	visit	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	12	acl:relcl	_	_
15	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
16	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	event	event	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	nsubj	_	_
18	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	19	nsubj	_	_
19	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	14	conj	_	_
20	to	too	ADV	RB	Typo=Yes	19	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a souvenir | something |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **buy** | present | you |  |  |  |  |  | vn accept-77.1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **keep** | present | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **remember** | to-infinitive | you *not said here* | a place |  |  |  |  | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent place=Theme |
| 5 | **visit** | past | you | a place *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent place=Co-Agent |
| 6 | **go** | past | a event |  |  |  |  |  | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
I bought a keyring as a souvenir of London.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:souvenir:x1:1
# text = I bought a keyring as a souvenir of London.
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	bought	buy	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	keyring	keyring	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	as	as	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	souvenir	souvenir	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	London	London	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **buy** | past | I | a keyring |  |  |  | as a souvenir of London | vn accept-77.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent keyring=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The souvenir shop sold mugs and T-shirts.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:souvenir:x2:1
# text = The souvenir shop sold mugs and T-shirts.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	souvenir	souvenir	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	shop	shop	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	sold	sell	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	mugs	mug	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
7	T	t	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	shirts	shirt	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sell** | past | the souvenir shop | mugs and T shirts |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent mug=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She kept her ticket as a souvenir.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:souvenir:x3:1
# text = She kept her ticket as a souvenir.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	kept	keep	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	ticket	ticket	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	as	as	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	souvenir	souvenir	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **keep** | past | She | her ticket |  |  |  | as a souvenir | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ticket=Theme |
| 2 | **ticket** |  | her *= she* |  |  |  |  |  | nom ticket «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Grandpa brought me a souvenir from Ireland.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:souvenir:x4:1
# text = Grandpa brought me a souvenir from Ireland.
1	Grandpa	Grandpa	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	brought	bring	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	obj	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	souvenir	souvenir	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	from	from	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	Ireland	Ireland	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **bring** | past | Grandpa | a souvenir | me | Ireland |  |  | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP NP»: agent=Agent i=Destination souvenir=Theme |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
This shell is a souvenir of our beach holiday.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:souvenir:x5:1
# text = This shell is a souvenir of our beach holiday.
1	This	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	2	det	_	_
2	shell	shell	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	souvenir	souvenir	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
8	beach	beach	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	holiday	holiday	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | this shell | a souvenir |  |  |  | of our beach holiday | tree rules |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
If a souvenir costs 4 dollars, how much do three cost?

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:souvenir:x6:1
# text = If a souvenir costs 4 dollars, how much do three cost?
1	If	if	SCONJ	IN	_	4	mark	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	souvenir	souvenir	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	costs	cost	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	advcl	_	_
5	4	4	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	6	nummod	_	_
6	dollars	dollar	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
8	how	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	9	advmod	_	_
9	much	much	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	obj	_	_
10	do	do	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	aux	_	_
11	three	three	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	10	obj	_	_
12	cost	cost	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	12	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cost** *a condition, not said to happen* | present | a souvenir | 4 dollars |  |  |  |  | vn cost-54.2 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme dollar=Value |
| 2 | **cost** | present · do-support |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn cost-54.2 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Don't take stones or plants from national parks as souvenirs.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:souvenir:x7:1
# text = Don't take stones or plants from national parks as souvenirs.
1	Do	do	AUX	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	3	advmod	_	_
3	take	take	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	stones	stone	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
5	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	plants	plant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	conj	_	_
7	from	from	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	national	national	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	parks	park	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
10	as	as	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	souvenirs	souvenir	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **take** | imperative · do-support | you *not said here* | stones or plants |  | national parks |  | as souvenirs | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP PP.initial\_location»: agent=Agent stone=Theme from park=Initial\_Location |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We collected badges as souvenirs.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:souvenir:x8:1
# text = We collected badges as souvenirs.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	collected	collect	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	badges	badge	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
4	as	as	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	souvenirs	souvenir	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **collect** | past | We | badges |  |  |  | as souvenirs | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent badge=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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