---
title: soviets — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «soviets» in the school dictionary: The Soviets were the people, government or army of the Soviet Union (USSR), a large country that existed from 1922 to 1991, led from Moscow. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# soviets

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Soviets, large country, soviet small s, soviet, workers, Cold War · **What happens:** be, exist, lead, launch, race, reach · **To what, where:** people, 1922, Moscow, council, Russian word, first satellite

<!-- .vabout -->
«soviets» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [soviets in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/soviets.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: history — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Soviets were the people, government or army of the Soviet Union (USSR), a large country that existed from 1922 to 1991, led from Moscow.

<!-- fold The tree, 25 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:soviets:m1:1
# text = The Soviets were the people, government or army of the Soviet Union (USSR), a large country that existed from 1922 to 1991, led from Moscow.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Soviets	Soviet	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
3	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
7	government	government	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
8	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	army	army	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	Soviet	Soviet	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	compound	_	_
13	Union	Union	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	_
14	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	USSR	USSR	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
18	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
19	large	large	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	_
20	country	country	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	appos	_	_
21	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	22	nsubj	_	_
22	existed	exist	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	20	acl:relcl	_	_
23	from	from	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
24	1922	1922	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	22	obl	_	_
25	to	to	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
26	1991	1991	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	24	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	28	punct	_	_
28	led	lead	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	22	conj	_	_
29	from	from	ADP	IN	_	30	case	_	_
30	Moscow	Moscow	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	28	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | the Soviets | the people and government or army of the Soviet Union |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **exist** | past | a large country |  |  | 1922 to 1991 |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **lead** | past | a large country *not said here* |  |  | Moscow |  |  | vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent from moscow=Destination |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: history — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A soviet (small s) was a council of workers or soldiers in Russia around 1917; "soviet" is the Russian word for "council".

<!-- fold The tree, 22 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:soviets:m2:1
# text = A soviet (small s) was a council of workers or soldiers in Russia around 1917; "soviet" is the Russian word for "council".
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
2	soviet	soviet	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
3	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	s	s	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	5	punct	_	_
7	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	council	council	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	workers	worker	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nmod	_	_
12	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	soldiers	soldier	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	conj	_	_
14	in	in	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	Russia	Russia	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	nmod	_	_
16	around	around	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	11	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
19	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	20	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	soviet	soviet	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	25	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	20	punct	_	_
22	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	25	cop	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
24	Russian	Russian	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	25	amod	_	_
25	word	word	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	appos	_	_
26	for	for	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
27	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	28	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	council	council	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	25	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | a soviet small s | a council |  |  |  | of workers in Russia around 1917 or soldiers | tree rules |
| 2 | **is a** | present | soviet | the Russian word |  |  |  | for council | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Soviets launched the first satellite in 1957.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:soviets:x1:1
# text = The Soviets launched the first satellite in 1957.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Soviets	Soviet	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	launched	launch	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	first	first	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	6	amod	_	_
6	satellite	satellite	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	1957	1957	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **launch** | past | the Soviets | the first satellite |  | 1957 |  |  | vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent satellite=Theme in 1957=Destination |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Soviets and the Americans raced to reach space.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:soviets:x2:1
# text = The Soviets and the Americans raced to reach space.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Soviets	Soviet	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
3	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	Americans	American	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	2	conj	_	_
6	raced	race	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	mark	_	_
8	reach	reach	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	xcomp	_	_
9	space	space	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **race** | past | the Soviets and the Americans |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **reach** | to-infinitive | the Soviets and the Americans *not said here* | space |  |  |  |  | vn body\_motion-49.2-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Agent space=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In 1917, workers formed soviets in Russian cities.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:soviets:x3:1
# text = In 1917, workers formed soviets in Russian cities.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	1917	1917	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	workers	worker	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
5	formed	form	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	soviets	soviet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	Russian	Russian	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	cities	city	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **form** | past | workers | soviets |  | 1917 |  | in Russian cities | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location soviet=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Ukraine was ruled by the Soviets until 1991.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:soviets:x4:1
# text = Ukraine was ruled by the Soviets until 1991.
1	Ukraine	Ukraine	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	ruled	rule	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	by	by	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	Soviets	Soviet	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
7	until	until	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	1991	1991	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **rule** | past · passive | the Soviets | Ukraine |  |  | until 1991 |  | vn dub-29.3.2 «NP V NP NP»: agent=Agent subject=Result |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Cold War was a long rivalry between the USA and the Soviets.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:soviets:x5:1
# text = The Cold War was a long rivalry between the USA and the Soviets.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	Cold	Cold	ADJ	NNP	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	War	War	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
4	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	rivalry	rivalry	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
8	between	between	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	USA	USA	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	Soviets	Soviet	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	10	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | the Cold War | a long rivalry |  |  |  | between the USA and the Soviets | tree rules |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
My grandad remembers Soviet times.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:soviets:x6:1
# text = My grandad remembers Soviet times.
1	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	grandad	grandad	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	remembers	remember	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	Soviet	soviet	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	times	time	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **remember** | present | My grandad |  |  |  | time |  | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Agent |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Soviets lost millions of people in the Second World War.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:soviets:x7:1
# text = The Soviets lost millions of people in the Second World War.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Soviets	Soviet	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	lost	lose	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	millions	million	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nmod	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
9	Second	Second	ADJ	NNP	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	11	amod	_	_
10	World	World	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	_
11	War	War	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lose** | past | the Soviets | millions of people in the Second World War |  |  |  |  | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent million=Eventuality |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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