---
title: sown — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «sown» in the school dictionary: Sown is the past participle of sow: planted as seeds. The farmer has sown wheat in the field. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# sown

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** acre, SOME CRANES · **What happens:** sow, be, plant, mean, spread, need · **To what, where:** Sown past participle, farmer, field, 3 acres, many rows, acre · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«sown» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [sown in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/sown.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Sown is the past participle of sow: planted as seeds. The farmer has sown wheat in the field.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Sown is the past participle of sow: planted as seeds.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sown:m1:1
# text = Sown is the past participle of sow: planted as seeds.
1	Sown	sow	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	amod	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	past	past	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	participle	participle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	sow	sow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	9	punct	_	_
9	planted	plant	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	acl	_	_
10	as	as	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	seeds	seed	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sow** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V PP.destination»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **is a** | present |  | the Sown past participle |  |  |  | of sow | tree rules |
| 3 | **plant** | participle |  | the Sown past participle *not said here* |  |  |  | as seeds | vn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* The farmer has sown wheat in the field.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sown:m1:2
# text = The farmer has sown wheat in the field.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	farmer	farmer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	sown	sow	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	wheat	wheat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	field	field	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sow** | present · perfect · passive |  | the farmer |  | the field |  |  | tree rules |

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«Sown with» means spread with something, like a field sown with seeds.

<!-- fold The tree, 12 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sown:m2:1
# text = «Sown with» means spread with something, like a field sown with seeds.
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Sown	sow	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	nsubj	_	_
3	with	with	ADP	IN	_	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
5	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	spread	spread	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	ccomp	_	_
7	with	with	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
10	like	like	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	field	field	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	appos	_	_
13	sown	sow	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	12	acl	_	_
14	with	with	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	seeds	seed	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sow** *in a quote* | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V PP.destination»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **spread** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | with something | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **sow** | participle |  | a field *not said here* |  |  |  | with seeds | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP.destination PP.theme»: agent=Agent with seed=Theme |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The field was sown with 50 kg of seed.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sown:x1:1
# text = The field was sown with 50 kg of seed.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	field	field	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	sown	sow	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	with	with	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	50	50	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	7	nummod	_	_
7	kg	kg	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	seed	seed	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sow** | past · passive |  | the field |  |  |  | with 50 kg of seed | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP.destination PP.theme»: subject=Destination with kg=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
3 acres have been sown.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sown:x2:1
# text = 3 acres have been sown.
1	3	3	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	2	nummod	_	_
2	acres	acre	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
4	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	sown	sow	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sow** | present · perfect · passive |  | 3 acres |  |  |  |  | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP.theme»: subject=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
How many rows are sown?

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sown:x3:1
# text = How many rows are sown?
1	How	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	2	advmod	_	_
2	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	rows	row	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
4	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	sown	sow	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sow** | present · passive |  | many rows |  |  |  |  | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP.theme»: subject=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Each acre sown needs 2 bags of seed.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sown:x4:1
# text = Each acre sown needs 2 bags of seed.
1	Each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	2	det	_	_
2	acre	acre	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	sown	sow	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl	_	_
4	needs	need	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	2	2	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	6	nummod	_	_
6	bags	bag	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	seed	seed	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sow** | participle |  | each acre *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V PP.destination»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **need** | present | each acre | 2 bags of seed |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot bag=Theme |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The beans were sown in neat rows.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sown:x5:1
# text = The beans were sown in neat rows.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	beans	bean	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
3	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	sown	sow	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	neat	neat	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	rows	row	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sow** | past · passive |  | the beans |  | neat rows |  |  | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme in row=Destination |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Once the seeds are sown, water them gently.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sown:x6:1
# text = Once the seeds are sown, water them gently.
1	Once	once	SCONJ	IN	_	5	mark	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	seeds	seed	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
4	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	sown	sow	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
7	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
8	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	nmod	_	_
9	gently	gently	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sow** | present · passive |  | the seeds |  |  |  | gently *property* | tree rules |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The farmer had sown corn in the big field.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sown:x7:1
# text = The farmer had sown corn in the big field.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	farmer	farmer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	sown	sow	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	corn	corn	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	big	big	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	field	field	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sow** | past · perfect · passive |  | the farmer |  | the big field |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
SOME CRANES made their feeding grounds on some plowlands newly sown with wheat.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sown:x8:1
# text = SOME CRANES made their feeding grounds on some plowlands newly sown with wheat.
1	SOME	some	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	CRANES	crane	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
5	feeding	feeding	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	grounds	grounds	NOUN	NNS	Number=Ptan	3	obj	_	_
7	on	on	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	9	det	_	_
9	plowlands	plowland	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
10	newly	newly	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
11	sown	sow	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	9	acl	_	_
12	with	with	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	wheat	wheat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | past | SOME CRANES | CRANES's feeding grounds |  | some plowlands |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.material V NP»: agent=Material grounds=Product |
| 2 | **sow** | participle |  | some plowlands *not said here* |  |  |  | with wheat; newly *property* | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP.destination PP.theme»: agent=Agent with wheat=Theme |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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