---
title: spam — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «spam» in the school dictionary: Spam is unwanted messages sent to many people at once, usually emails or texts trying to sell something or trick you. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# spam

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Spam, emails, email filter, you, He, I · **What happens:** be, send, try, sell, trick, spam · **To what, where:** unwanted messages, something, you, lots, same thing, brand · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«spam» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [spam in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/spam.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Spam is unwanted messages sent to many people at once, usually emails or texts trying to sell something or trick you.

<!-- fold The tree, 21 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:spam:m1:1
# text = Spam is unwanted messages sent to many people at once, usually emails or texts trying to sell something or trick you.
1	Spam	spam	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	unwanted	unwanted	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	messages	message	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
5	sent	send	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	acl	_	_
6	to	to	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl:agent	_	_
9	at	at	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	once	once	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Mult	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
12	usually	usually	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
13	emails	email	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	conj	_	_
14	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
15	texts	text	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	conj	_	_
16	trying	try	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	13	acl	_	_
17	to	to	PART	TO	_	18	mark	_	_
18	sell	sell	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	16	xcomp	_	_
19	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	18	obj	_	_
20	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
21	trick	trick	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	18	conj	_	_
22	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	21	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Spam | unwanted messages and emails or texts |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **send** | participle |  | unwanted messages and emails or texts *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **try** | gerund | emails or texts *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn try-61.1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality |
| 4 | **sell** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | emails or texts *not said here* | something |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Theme |
| 5 | **trick** | infinitive | emails or texts *not said here* | you |  |  |  |  | vn trick-59.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent you=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To spam means to send lots of unwanted messages, or to post the same thing again and again.

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:spam:m2:1
# text = To spam means to send lots of unwanted messages, or to post the same thing again and again.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	spam	spam	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	csubj	_	_
3	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	send	send	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
6	lots	lot	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	unwanted	unwanted	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	messages	message	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
11	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
12	to	to	PART	TO	_	13	mark	_	_
13	post	post	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	conj	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
15	same	same	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	thing	thing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	_
17	again	again	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
18	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
19	again	again	ADV	RB	_	17	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **spam** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **send** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive |  | lots of unwanted messages |  |  |  |  | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent lot=Theme |
| 4 | **post** | to-infinitive |  | the same thing |  |  | again |  | vn send-11.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thing=Theme |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Spam is a brand of tinned cooked pork meat.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:spam:m3:1
# text = Spam is a brand of tinned cooked pork meat.
1	Spam	spam	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	brand	brand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
6	tinned	tin	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	9	amod	_	_
7	cooked	cook	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	9	amod	_	_
8	pork	pork	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	meat	meat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Spam | a brand |  |  |  | of tinned cooked pork meat | tree rules |
| 2 | **tin** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn pocket-9.10 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **cook** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn cooking-45.3 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
My email filter sent the message to the spam folder.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:spam:x1:1
# text = My email filter sent the message to the spam folder.
1	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
2	email	email	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	filter	filter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	sent	send	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	message	message	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	to	to	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	spam	spam	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	_
10	folder	folder	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **send** | past | My email filter | the message |  | the spam folder |  |  | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent message=Theme to folder=Destination |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Never click links in spam.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:spam:x2:1
# text = Never click links in spam.
1	Never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	2	advmod	_	_
2	click	click	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	links	link	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	spam	spam	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **click** | imperative | you *not said here* | links |  |  |  | in spam | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP PP.recipient PP.theme»: agent=Agent link=Patient in spam=Topic |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Stop spamming the chat with emojis!

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:spam:x3:1
# text = Stop spamming the chat with emojis!
1	Stop	stop	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	spamming	spam	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	1	xcomp	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	chat	chat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	with	with	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	emojis	emoji	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stop** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Affector clause=Eventuality |
| 2 | **spam** | gerund | you *not said here* | the chat |  |  |  | with emojis | tree rules |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He kept spamming the same attack in the game.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:spam:x4:1
# text = He kept spamming the same attack in the game.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	kept	keep	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	spamming	spam	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	xcomp	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	same	same	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	attack	attack	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	game	game	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **keep** | past | He |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **spam** | gerund | He *not said here* | the same attack |  | the game |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The spam said I had won a prize, but it was a trick.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:spam:x5:1
# text = The spam said I had won a prize, but it was a trick.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	spam	spam	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
5	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
6	won	win	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	3	ccomp	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	prize	prize	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
10	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
11	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	nsubj	_	_
12	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	14	cop	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	trick	trick	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | the spam |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **win** | past · perfect | I | a prize |  |  |  |  | vn succeed-74-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent prize=Eventuality |
| 3 | **is a** | past | spam | a trick |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Grandad remembers eating Spam sandwiches.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:spam:x6:1
# text = Grandad remembers eating Spam sandwiches.
1	Grandad	Grandad	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	remembers	remember	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	eating	eat	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	xcomp	_	_
4	Spam	Spam	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	sandwiches	sandwich	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **remember** | present | Grandad |  |  |  |  |  | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 2 | **eat** | gerund | Grandad *not said here* | Spam sandwiches |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sandwich=Patient |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Report the account if it sends spam.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:spam:x7:1
# text = Report the account if it sends spam.
1	Report	report	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	account	account	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
5	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
6	sends	send	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	advcl	_	_
7	spam	spam	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **report** | imperative | you *not said here* | the account |  |  |  |  | vn prosecute-33.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent account=Patient |
| 2 | **send** *a condition, not said to happen* | present | account | spam |  |  |  |  | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent spam=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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