---
title: spectator — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «spectator» in the school dictionary: A person who watches an event, especially a sports match or show, without taking part. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# spectator

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** person, Thousands, spectators, goal, 2,400 spectators, Football · **What happens:** watch, match, show, take, cheer, stand up · **To what, where:** event, part, runners, great spectator sport, rope, spectator · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«spectator» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [spectator in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/spectator.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A person who watches an event, especially a sports match or show, without taking part.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:spectator:m1:1
# text = A person who watches an event, especially a sports match or show, without taking part.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	_
3	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	4	nsubj	_	_
4	watches	watch	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	acl:relcl	_	_
5	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	event	event	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
8	especially	especially	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	sports	sport	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	nsubj	_	_
11	match	match	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
12	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	show	show	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
15	without	without	SCONJ	IN	_	16	mark	_	_
16	taking	take	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	13	ccomp	_	_
17	part	part	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **watch** | present | a person | a event |  |  |  |  | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent event=Theme |
| 2 | **match** | present | a person |  |  |  |  | especially *property* | vn amalgamate-22.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **show** | present | a person *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 4 | **take** | gerund |  | part |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent part=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Thousands of spectators cheered the runners.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:spectator:x1:1
# text = Thousands of spectators cheered the runners.
1	Thousands	thousand	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
3	spectators	spectator	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	nmod	_	_
4	cheered	cheer	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	runners	runner	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cheer** | past | Thousands of spectators | the runners |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus runner=Experiencer |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The spectators stood up when the goal went in.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:spectator:x2:1
# text = The spectators stood up when the goal went in.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	spectators	spectator	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	stood	stand	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	up	up	ADP	RP	_	3	compound:prt	_	_
5	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	8	advmod	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	goal	goal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
8	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	advcl	_	_
9	in	in	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stand up** | past | the spectators |  |  |  |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **go in** | past | the goal |  |  |  |  |  | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
There were 2,400 spectators on Saturday and 1,900 on Sunday, so 4,300 in all.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:spectator:x3:1
# text = There were 2,400 spectators on Saturday and 1,900 on Sunday, so 4,300 in all.
1	There	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	2	expl	_	_
2	were	be	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	2,400	2,400	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	4	nummod	_	_
4	spectators	spectator	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
5	on	on	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	Saturday	Saturday	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	1,900	1,900	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	4	conj	_	_
9	on	on	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	Sunday	Sunday	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
12	so	so	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
13	4,300	4,300	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	4	appos	_	_
14	in	in	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	13	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **be** | past | 2,400 spectators on Saturday |  |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Football is a great spectator sport.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:spectator:x4:1
# text = Football is a great spectator sport.
1	Football	football	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
4	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
5	spectator	spectator	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	sport	sport	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Football | a great spectator sport |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Spectators must stay behind the rope.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:spectator:x5:1
# text = Spectators must stay behind the rope.
1	Spectators	spectator	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
2	must	must	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	stay	stay	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	behind	behind	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	rope	rope	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stay** | must | Spectators |  |  | the rope |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme behind rope=Location |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She wasn't playing — she was just a spectator.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:spectator:x6:1
# text = She wasn't playing — she was just a spectator.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	4	advmod	_	_
4	playing	play	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	10	punct	_	_
6	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
7	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
8	just	just	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	spectator	spectator	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **play** | past · progressive | She |  |  |  |  |  | vn performance-26.7-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is a** | past | she | a spectator |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
"How beautiful, how perfect it is!" cried the spectators.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:spectator:x7:1
# text = "How beautiful, how perfect it is!" cried the spectators.
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	How	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	3	advmod	_	_
3	beautiful	beautiful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
5	how	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	6	advmod	_	_
6	perfect	perfect	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	conj	_	_
7	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
8	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
11	cried	cry	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	spectators	spectator	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** *in a quote* | present | it |  |  |  |  | perfect *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **cry** *speech: express* | past | the spectators |  |  |  |  |  | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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