--- title: speechless — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics description: «speechless» in the school dictionary: Speechless means unable to speak, usually from surprise, shock or wonder. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/S/speechless/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [dictionaries](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/) / [school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/) / [S](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/S/) / speechless # speechless **Who acts:** Speechless, King, I, crowd · **What happens:** mean, speak, be, see, stand · **To what, where:** surprise, gift, sight · **Speech:** someone speaks here «speechless» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 3 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [speechless in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/speechless.md). ## Meaning 1 {#m1} Speechless means unable to speak, usually from surprise, shock or wonder. ```conllu # sent_id = dict:school:speechless:m1:1 # text = Speechless means unable to speak, usually from surprise, shock or wonder. 1 Speechless speechless NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 nsubj _ _ 2 means mean VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 unable unable ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 2 xcomp _ _ 4 to to PART TO _ 5 mark _ _ 5 speak speak VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 3 xcomp _ SpaceAfter=No 6 , , PUNCT , _ 9 punct _ _ 7 usually usually ADV RB _ 9 advmod _ _ 8 from from ADP IN _ 9 case _ _ 9 surprise surprise NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 10 , , PUNCT , _ 11 punct _ _ 11 shock shock NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 appos _ _ 12 or or CCONJ CC _ 13 cc _ _ 13 wonder wonder NOUN NN Number=Sing 11 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 14 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **mean** | present | Speechless | | | | | unable *property* | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent | | 2 | **speak** *speech: other* | to-infinitive | Speechless *not said here* | | | surprise | | | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## Example 1 {#x1} The King was speechless with surprise. ```conllu # sent_id = dict:school:speechless:x1:1 # text = The King was speechless with surprise. 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 King King PROPN NNP Number=Sing 4 nsubj _ _ 3 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 4 cop _ _ 4 speechless speechless ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 0 root _ _ 5 with with ADP IN _ 6 case _ _ 6 surprise surprise NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 7 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is** | past | the King | | | | | with surprise; speechless *property* | tree rules | ## Example 2 {#x2} I was speechless when I saw the gift. ```conllu # sent_id = dict:school:speechless:x2:1 # text = I was speechless when I saw the gift. 1 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 3 nsubj _ _ 2 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 3 cop _ _ 3 speechless speechless ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 0 root _ _ 4 when when ADV WRB PronType=Int 6 advmod _ _ 5 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 6 nsubj _ _ 6 saw see VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 3 advcl _ _ 7 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 8 det _ _ 8 gift gift NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 9 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is** | past | I | | | | | speechless *property* | tree rules | | 2 | **see** | past | I | the gift | | | | | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer gift=Stimulus | ## Example 3 {#x3} The crowd stood speechless at the sight. ```conllu # sent_id = dict:school:speechless:x3:1 # text = The crowd stood speechless at the sight. 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 crowd crowd NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 nsubj _ _ 3 stood stand VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 speechless speechless ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 3 xcomp _ _ 5 at at ADP IN _ 7 case _ _ 6 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 7 det _ _ 7 sight sight NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 8 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **stand** | past | the crowd | | | the sight | | speechless *property* | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent at sight=Location | **Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License. - ← previous: [speech](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/S/speech/) - next →: [speed](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/S/speed/) - ↑ back to [S in school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/S/)