---
title: speller — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «speller» in the school dictionary: A speller is a person who spells words, described as good or bad at it: she's a good speller. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# speller

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** speller, person, she, sister, I, my · **What happens:** be, spell, describe, call, check, work · **To what, where:** person, words, good speller, school book, spell checker, brilliant speller · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«speller» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [speller in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/speller.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A speller is a person who spells words, described as good or bad at it: she's a good speller.

<!-- fold The tree, 20 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:speller:m1:1
# text = A speller is a person who spells words, described as good or bad at it: she's a good speller.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	speller	speller	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	7	nsubj	_	_
7	spells	spell	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	acl:relcl	_	_
8	words	word	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
10	described	describe	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	acl	_	_
11	as	as	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	good	good	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	obl	_	_
13	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
14	bad	bad	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	conj	_	_
15	at	at	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	22	punct	_	_
18	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	22	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	's	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	22	cop	_	_
20	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
21	good	good	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	22	amod	_	_
22	speller	speller	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a speller | a person and a good speller |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **spell** | present | a person and a good speller | words |  |  |  |  | vn pronounce-29.3.1 «NP V NP ADVP»: agent=Agent word=Theme |
| 3 | **describe** | participle |  | a person and a good speller *not said here* |  |  |  | as good | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent as good=Attribute |
| 4 | **is a** | present | she | a good speller |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: US, Canada — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A speller is also a school book of spelling lists and exercises.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:speller:m2:1
# text = A speller is also a school book of spelling lists and exercises.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	speller	speller	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
4	also	also	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	school	school	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	book	book	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	spelling	spelling	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	_
10	lists	list	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nmod	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	exercises	exercise	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a speller | a school book |  |  |  | of spelling lists and exercises | tree rules |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A spell-checker on a computer is sometimes called a speller.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:speller:m3:1
# text = A spell-checker on a computer is sometimes called a speller.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
2	spell	spell	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	checker	checker	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj:pass	_	_
5	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	computer	computer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
8	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	aux:pass	_	_
9	sometimes	sometimes	ADV	RB	PronType=Ind	10	advmod	_	_
10	called	call	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	speller	speller	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **call** | present · passive |  | a spell checker on a computer |  |  |  | sometimes *property* | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
My sister is a brilliant speller.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:speller:x1:1
# text = My sister is a brilliant speller.
1	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	sister	sister	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	brilliant	brilliant	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	speller	speller	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | My sister | a brilliant speller |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
I'm a terrible speller, so I check my work carefully.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:speller:x2:1
# text = I'm a terrible speller, so I check my work carefully.
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	'm	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	terrible	terrible	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	speller	speller	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
7	so	so	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
8	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
9	check	check	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	_
10	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	11	nmod:poss	_	_
11	work	work	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	_
12	carefully	carefully	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | I | a terrible speller |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **check** | present | I | my work |  |  |  | carefully *property* | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent work=Theme |
| 3 | **work** |  | my |  |  |  |  |  | nom work «act intransitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Fifty spellers took part in the spelling bee.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:speller:x3:1
# text = Fifty spellers took part in the spelling bee.
1	Fifty	fifty	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	2	nummod	_	_
2	spellers	speller	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	took	take	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	part	part	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	spelling	spelling	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	bee	bee	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take** | past | Fifty spellers | part |  |  |  | in the spelling bee | vn fit-54.3 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent part=Value in bee=Location |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Open your spellers to page 12.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:speller:x4:1
# text = Open your spellers to page 12.
1	Open	open	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
3	spellers	speller	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obj	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	page	page	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
6	12	12	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **open** | imperative | you *not said here* | your spellers |  |  |  | page *obl* | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location speller=Theme |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The best speller in the class won a dictionary.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:speller:x5:1
# text = The best speller in the class won a dictionary.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	best	good	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	3	amod	_	_
3	speller	speller	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	class	class	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
7	won	win	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	dictionary	dictionary	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **win** | past | the best speller in the class | a dictionary |  |  |  |  | vn succeed-74-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent dictionary=Eventuality |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The speller on my laptop missed my mistake.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:speller:x6:1
# text = The speller on my laptop missed my mistake.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	speller	speller	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	on	on	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	laptop	laptop	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	missed	miss	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	mistake	mistake	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **miss** | past | the speller on my laptop | my mistake |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer mistake=Stimulus |
| 2 | **mistake** |  | my |  |  |  |  |  | nom mistake «act intransitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Good spellers read a lot.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:speller:x7:1
# text = Good spellers read a lot.
1	Good	good	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	spellers	speller	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	read	read	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	lot	lot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **read** | present | Good spellers | a lot |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent lot=Topic |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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