---
title: sphagnum — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «sphagnum» in the school dictionary: A kind of soft moss that grows in wet bogs and can hold huge amounts of water; it slowly turns into peat. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# sphagnum

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** kind, Sphagnum moss, people, sphagnum, Gardeners, Protecting · **What happens:** grow, hold, turn, amount, make, collect · **To what, where:** wet bogs, huge amounts, peat, water, weight, Peat bogs

<!-- .vabout -->
«sphagnum» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [sphagnum in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/sphagnum.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A kind of soft moss that grows in wet bogs and can hold huge amounts of water; it slowly turns into peat.

<!-- fold The tree, 22 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sphagnum:m1:1
# text = A kind of soft moss that grows in wet bogs and can hold huge amounts of water; it slowly turns into peat.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	kind	kind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	soft	soft	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	moss	moss	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	7	nsubj	_	_
7	grows	grow	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	wet	wet	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	bogs	bog	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obl	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
12	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	13	aux	_	_
13	hold	hold	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	conj	_	_
14	huge	huge	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	amounts	amount	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	obj	_	_
16	of	of	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	21	punct	_	_
19	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	21	nsubj	_	_
20	slowly	slowly	ADV	RB	_	21	advmod	_	_
21	turns	turn	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	conj	_	_
22	into	into	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
23	peat	peat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **grow** | present | a kind of soft moss |  |  | wet bogs |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in bog=Location |
| 2 | **hold** | can | a kind of soft moss *not said here* | huge amounts of water |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent amount=Theme |
| 3 | **turn** | present | kind |  |  | peat |  | slowly *property* | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme into peat=Trajectory |
| 4 | **amount** |  |  | water |  |  |  |  | nom amount «possession transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Sphagnum moss can hold many times its weight in water.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sphagnum:x1:1
# text = Sphagnum moss can hold many times its weight in water.
1	Sphagnum	sphagnum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	moss	moss	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	hold	hold	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	times	time	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl:unmarked	_	_
7	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	weight	weight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hold** | can | Sphagnum moss | moss's weight |  | water | time |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent weight=Theme in water=Location |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Peat bogs are made of old sphagnum.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sphagnum:x2:1
# text = Peat bogs are made of old sphagnum.
1	Peat	peat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	bogs	bog	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	sphagnum	sphagnum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present · passive |  | Peat bogs |  |  |  | of old sphagnum | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In World War I, people collected sphagnum to dress wounds.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sphagnum:x3:1
# text = In World War I, people collected sphagnum to dress wounds.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	World	World	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	War	War	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
4	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
6	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nsubj	_	_
7	collected	collect	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	sphagnum	sphagnum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
9	to	to	PART	TO	_	10	mark	_	_
10	dress	dress	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	advcl	_	_
11	wounds	wound	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **collect** | past | people | sphagnum |  | World War |  |  | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sphagnum=Theme |
| 2 | **dress** | to-infinitive | people *not said here* | wounds |  |  |  |  | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent wound=Patient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Bog bodies were preserved by sphagnum and peat.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sphagnum:x4:1
# text = Bog bodies were preserved by sphagnum and peat.
1	Bog	bog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	bodies	body	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	preserved	preserve	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	by	by	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	sphagnum	sphagnum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	peat	peat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **preserve** | past · passive | sphagnum and peat | Bog bodies |  |  |  |  | vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Beneficiary |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Gardeners line baskets with sphagnum moss.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sphagnum:x5:1
# text = Gardeners line baskets with sphagnum moss.
1	Gardeners	gardener	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	line	line	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	baskets	basket	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
4	with	with	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	sphagnum	sphagnum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	moss	moss	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **line** | present | Gardeners | baskets |  |  |  | with sphagnum moss | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent basket=Destination with moss=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Protecting bogs with sphagnum helps store carbon.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sphagnum:x6:1
# text = Protecting bogs with sphagnum helps store carbon.
1	Protecting	protect	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	csubj	_	_
2	bogs	bog	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obj	_	_
3	with	with	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	sphagnum	sphagnum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
5	helps	help	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	store	store	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	xcomp	_	_
7	carbon	carbon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **protect** | gerund |  | bogs |  |  |  | with sphagnum | vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bog=Beneficiary |
| 2 | **help** | present | Protecting |  |  |  |  |  | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 3 | **store** | infinitive | Protecting *not said here* | carbon |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent carbon=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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