---
title: spherical — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «spherical» in the school dictionary: Spherical means shaped like a ball, round in every direction, like a sphere. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# spherical

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Spherical, spherical object, football, Earth, Bubbles, water · **What happens:** mean, shape, have, be, pull, name · **To what, where:** point, maths, small spherical glass balls, three spherical things, classroom

<!-- .vabout -->
«spherical» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [spherical in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/spherical.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Spherical means shaped like a ball, round in every direction, like a sphere.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:spherical:m1:1
# text = Spherical means shaped like a ball, round in every direction, like a sphere.
1	Spherical	Spherical	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	shaped	shape	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	xcomp	_	_
4	like	like	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	ball	ball	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
8	round	round	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	11	det	_	_
11	direction	direction	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
13	like	like	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	sphere	sphere	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | Spherical |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **shape** *not said to happen* | participle | Spherical *not said here* |  |  |  |  | like a ball in every direction and a sphere | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In maths, a spherical object has every point on its surface the same distance from the centre.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:spherical:m2:1
# text = In maths, a spherical object has every point on its surface the same distance from the centre.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	maths	math	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	spherical	spherical	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	object	object	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
7	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	9	det	_	_
9	point	point	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
10	on	on	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	12	nmod:poss	_	_
12	surface	surface	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
14	same	same	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	distance	distance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	appos	_	_
16	from	from	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	centre	centre	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | a spherical object | every point |  | maths |  | on object's surface | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent point=Patient |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A football is spherical.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:spherical:x1:1
# text = A football is spherical.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	football	football	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	spherical	spherical	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | a football |  |  |  |  | spherical *property* | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Earth is almost spherical but a little flat at the poles.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:spherical:x2:1
# text = The Earth is almost spherical but a little flat at the poles.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Earth	Earth	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	almost	almost	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	spherical	spherical	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
6	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	flat	flat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
10	at	at	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	poles	pole	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | the Earth |  |  |  |  | almost, spherical *property* | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Bubbles are spherical because of how water pulls on itself.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:spherical:x3:1
# text = Bubbles are spherical because of how water pulls on itself.
1	Bubbles	bubble	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	spherical	spherical	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
4	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	fixed	_	_
6	how	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	8	advmod	_	_
7	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
8	pulls	pull	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	advcl	_	_
9	on	on	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	itself	itself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Bubbles |  |  |  |  | spherical *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **pull** | present | water |  |  |  |  | on water | vn push-12-1 «NP V PP-Conative»: agent=Agent on itself=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Marbles are small spherical glass balls.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:spherical:x4:1
# text = Marbles are small spherical glass balls.
1	Marbles	marble	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
3	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
4	spherical	spherical	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
5	glass	glass	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	balls	ball	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Marbles | small spherical glass balls |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A circle is flat, but a ball is spherical.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:spherical:x5:1
# text = A circle is flat, but a ball is spherical.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	circle	circle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	flat	flat	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
6	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	ball	ball	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
9	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
10	spherical	spherical	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | a circle |  |  |  |  | flat *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **is** | present | a ball |  |  |  |  | spherical *property* | tree rules |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The bead was spherical with a hole through the middle.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:spherical:x6:1
# text = The bead was spherical with a hole through the middle.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	bead	bead	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	spherical	spherical	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	with	with	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	hole	hole	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
8	through	through	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	middle	middle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the bead |  |  |  |  | with a hole through the middle; spherical *property* | tree rules |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Name three spherical things in the classroom.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:spherical:x7:1
# text = Name three spherical things in the classroom.
1	Name	name	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	three	three	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	4	nummod	_	_
3	spherical	spherical	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obj	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	classroom	classroom	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **name** | imperative | you *not said here* | three spherical things |  | the classroom |  |  | vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thing=Theme |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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