---
title: spitting — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «spitting» in the school dictionary: Forcing saliva (spit) or food out of your mouth. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# spitting

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** spitting image, It, Spitting, we, sausages, angry cat · **What happens:** force, rain, make, hiss, look, spit · **To what, where:** saliva, mouth, small hot bursts, someone, park, hot pan

<!-- .vabout -->
«spitting» in the school dictionary: its 6 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [spitting in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/spitting.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Forcing saliva (spit) or food out of your mouth.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:spitting:m1:1
# text = Forcing saliva (spit) or food out of your mouth.
1	Forcing	force	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
2	saliva	saliva	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
3	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	spit	spit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	4	punct	_	_
6	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	food	food	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
8	out	out	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	11	nmod:poss	_	_
11	mouth	mouth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **force** | gerund |  | saliva or food |  | your mouth |  |  | vn urge-58.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent saliva=Recipient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: of rain, UK and Ireland — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Raining very lightly.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:spitting:m2:1
# text = Raining very lightly.
1	Raining	rain	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
2	very	very	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
3	lightly	lightly	ADV	RB	_	1	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **rain** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | lightly *property* | vn weather-57 «It V PP.theme» |

<!-- .note -->
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
"It's only spitting."

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:spitting:m2e:1
# text = "It's only spitting."
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	's	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
4	only	only	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	spitting	spit	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **spit** *in a quote* | present · progressive | It |  |  |  |  |  | vn breathe-40.1.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Making small hot bursts or sparks, like fat in a pan or a fire.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:spitting:m3:1
# text = Making small hot bursts or sparks, like fat in a pan or a fire.
1	Making	make	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
2	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
3	hot	hot	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	bursts	burst	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obj	_	_
5	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	sparks	spark	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
8	like	like	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	fat	fat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	_
10	in	in	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	pan	pan	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	_
13	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
14	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	fire	fire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | gerund |  | small hot bursts or sparks and fat in a pan or a fire |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset burst=Product |

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: of an animal — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Hissing angrily, like a cat.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:spitting:m4:1
# text = Hissing angrily, like a cat.
1	Hissing	hiss	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
2	angrily	angrily	ADV	RB	_	1	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
4	like	like	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	cat	cat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hiss** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | like a cat; angrily *property* | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Meaning 5 {#m5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In "spitting image": looking exactly like someone.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:spitting:m5:1
# text = In "spitting image": looking exactly like someone.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
2	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	spitting	spitting	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	image	image	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	7	punct	_	_
7	looking	look	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	4	acl	_	_
8	exactly	exactly	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
9	like	like	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **look** | gerund | spitting image *not said here* |  |  |  |  | like someone; exactly *property* | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus |

## Meaning 6 {#m6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In "spitting distance": very close.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:spitting:m6:1
# text = In "spitting distance": very close.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
2	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	spitting	spitting	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	distance	distance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	8	punct	_	_
7	very	very	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	close	close	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Spitting at someone is very rude.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:spitting:x1:1
# text = Spitting at someone is very rude.
1	Spitting	spit	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	6	csubj	_	_
2	at	at	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
3	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	1	obl	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	very	very	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	rude	rude	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **spit** | gerund |  |  |  | someone |  |  | vn breathe-40.1.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is** | present | Spitting |  |  |  |  | rude *property* | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It's just spitting, so we can still go to the park.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:spitting:x2:1
# text = It's just spitting, so we can still go to the park.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	's	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	just	just	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	spitting	spit	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
6	so	so	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
7	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
8	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	10	aux	_	_
9	still	still	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
10	go	go	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	conj	_	_
11	to	to	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	park	park	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **spit** | present · progressive | It |  |  |  |  |  | vn breathe-40.1.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **go** | can | we |  |  | the park | still |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to park=Initial\_Location |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The sausages were spitting in the hot pan.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:spitting:x3:1
# text = The sausages were spitting in the hot pan.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	sausages	sausage	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
3	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	spitting	spit	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	hot	hot	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	pan	pan	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **spit** | past · progressive | the sausages |  |  | the hot pan |  |  | vn breathe-40.1.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The angry cat was spitting and hissing.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:spitting:x4:1
# text = The angry cat was spitting and hissing.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	angry	angry	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	cat	cat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
4	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
5	spitting	spit	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	hissing	hiss	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **spit** | past · progressive | the angry cat |  |  |  |  |  | vn breathe-40.1.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **hiss** | gerund | the angry cat *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
You're the spitting image of your mum!

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:spitting:x5:1
# text = You're the spitting image of your mum!
1	You	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	're	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	spitting	spitting	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	image	image	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	mum	mum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | You | the spitting image |  |  |  | of your mum | tree rules |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The beach is within spitting distance of our hotel.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:spitting:x6:1
# text = The beach is within spitting distance of our hotel.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	beach	beach	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	within	within	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	spitting	spitting	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	distance	distance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
9	hotel	hotel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | the beach |  |  |  |  | within spitting distance; of our hotel | tree rules |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The coach was spitting mad after the match.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:spitting:x7:1
# text = The coach was spitting mad after the match.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	coach	coach	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	spitting	spit	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	mad	mad	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	xcomp	_	_
6	after	after	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	match	match	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **spit** | past · progressive | the coach |  |  |  |  | mad *property* | vn breathe-40.1.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Brush your teeth, then finish by spitting into the sink.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:spitting:x8:1
# text = Brush your teeth, then finish by spitting into the sink.
1	Brush	brush	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
3	teeth	tooth	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
5	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	6	advmod	_	_
6	finish	finish	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	1	parataxis	_	_
7	by	by	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
8	spitting	spit	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	6	advcl	_	_
9	into	into	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	sink	sink	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **brush** | imperative | you *not said here* | your teeth |  |  |  |  | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent tooth=Theme |
| 2 | **finish** | infinitive |  |  |  |  | then |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |
| 3 | **spit** | gerund |  |  |  | the sink |  |  | vn breathe-40.1.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
From that time forward the Smith gave up spitting at the Demon and striking him with his hammer.

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:spitting:x9:1
# text = From that time forward the Smith gave up spitting at the Demon and striking him with his hammer.
1	From	from	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	that	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	3	det	_	_
3	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
4	forward	forward	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	Smith	Smith	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
7	gave	give	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	ccomp	_	_
8	up	up	ADP	RP	_	7	compound:prt	_	_
9	spitting	spit	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	7	advcl	_	_
10	at	at	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	Demon	Demon	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
14	striking	strike	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	9	conj	_	_
15	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	obj	_	_
16	with	with	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	18	nmod:poss	_	_
18	hammer	hammer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **forward** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  | time |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **give up** | past | the Smith |  |  |  |  |  | vn resign-10.11-2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **spit** | gerund | the Smith *not said here* |  |  |  |  | at the Demon | vn breathe-40.1.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **strike** | gerund | the Smith *not said here* | Smith |  |  |  | with Smith's hammer | vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent he=Patient with hammer=Instrument |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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