---
title: spontaneously — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «spontaneously» in the school dictionary: Spontaneously means doing something suddenly, without planning it first, because you feel like it, as in «the crowd spontaneously started clapping». Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# spontaneously

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** you, something, it, whole class, We, fans · **What happens:** mean, do, plan, feel, start, clap · **To what, where:** something, it, crowd, science, song, beach · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«spontaneously» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [spontaneously in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/spontaneously.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Spontaneously means doing something suddenly, without planning it first, because you feel like it, as in «the crowd spontaneously started clapping».

<!-- fold The tree, 21 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:spontaneously:m1:1
# text = Spontaneously means doing something suddenly, without planning it first, because you feel like it, as in «the crowd spontaneously started clapping».
1	Spontaneously	spontaneously	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	doing	do	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	ccomp	_	_
4	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	3	obj	_	_
5	suddenly	suddenly	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
7	without	without	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
8	planning	plan	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	3	conj	_	_
9	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	obj	_	_
10	first	first	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	8	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
12	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	14	mark	_	_
13	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	14	nsubj	_	_
14	feel	feel	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	parataxis	_	_
15	like	like	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
18	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	24	mark	_	_
19	in	in	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
20	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	22	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	crowd	crowd	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	obl	_	_
23	spontaneously	spontaneously	ADV	RB	_	24	advmod	_	_
24	started	start	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	14	conj	_	_
25	clapping	clap	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	24	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	25	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  | spontaneously *property* | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **do** | gerund |  | something |  |  |  | suddenly *property* | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Eventuality |
| 3 | **plan** | gerund |  | it |  |  |  | first *property* | vn intend-61.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Topic |
| 4 | **feel** | present | you |  |  |  |  | like it | vn conjecture-29.5-2 «NP V S»: agent=Agent like it=Theme |
| 5 | **start** *in a quote* | past | you *not said here* |  |  | the crowd |  | spontaneously *property* | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality |
| 6 | **clap** *in a quote* | gerund | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In science, something happens spontaneously when it happens by itself, without anything from outside causing it at that moment.

<!-- fold The tree, 19 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:spontaneously:m2:1
# text = In science, something happens spontaneously when it happens by itself, without anything from outside causing it at that moment.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	science	science	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	5	nsubj	_	_
5	happens	happen	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	spontaneously	spontaneously	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
7	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	9	advmod	_	_
8	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
9	happens	happen	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	advcl	_	_
10	by	by	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	itself	itself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
13	without	without	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	anything	anything	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	9	obl	_	_
15	from	from	SCONJ	IN	_	17	mark	_	_
16	outside	outside	ADV	RB	_	17	advmod	_	_
17	causing	cause	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	14	acl	_	_
18	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	17	obj	_	_
19	at	at	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	that	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	21	det	_	_
21	moment	moment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **happen** | present | something |  |  | science |  | spontaneously *property* | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme in science=Location |
| 2 | **happen** | present | it |  |  |  |  | by science; without anything | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme by itself=Location |
| 3 | **cause** | gerund |  | science |  |  | moment | outside *property* | vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition it=Patient |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The whole class spontaneously burst into song.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:spontaneously:x1:1
# text = The whole class spontaneously burst into song.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	whole	whole	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	class	class	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
4	spontaneously	spontaneously	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	burst	burst	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	into	into	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	song	song	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **burst** | past | the whole class |  |  | song |  | spontaneously *property* | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We spontaneously decided to go to the beach.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:spontaneously:x2:1
# text = We spontaneously decided to go to the beach.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	spontaneously	spontaneously	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
3	decided	decide	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	go	go	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
6	to	to	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	beach	beach	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **decide** | past | We |  |  |  |  | spontaneously *property* | vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V what S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **go** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | We *not said here* |  |  | the beach |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to beach=Initial\_Location |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The fans stood up and cheered spontaneously.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:spontaneously:x3:1
# text = The fans stood up and cheered spontaneously.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	fans	fan	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	stood	stand	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	up	up	ADP	RP	_	3	compound:prt	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	cheered	cheer	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
7	spontaneously	spontaneously	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stand up** | past | the fans |  |  |  |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **cheer** | past | the fans *not said here* |  |  |  |  | spontaneously *property* | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Haystacks can sometimes catch fire spontaneously when they are damp and warm.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:spontaneously:x4:1
# text = Haystacks can sometimes catch fire spontaneously when they are damp and warm.
1	Haystacks	haystack	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
2	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	sometimes	sometimes	ADV	RB	PronType=Ind	4	advmod	_	_
4	catch	catch	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	fire	fire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
6	spontaneously	spontaneously	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
7	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	10	advmod	_	_
8	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
9	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
10	damp	damp	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	advcl	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	warm	warm	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **catch** | can | Haystacks | fire |  |  |  | sometimes, spontaneously *property* | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fire=Theme |
| 2 | **is** | present | Haystacks *= haystack* |  |  |  |  | damp *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **be** |  | Haystacks *= haystack* *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She spontaneously hugged the new girl.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:spontaneously:x5:1
# text = She spontaneously hugged the new girl.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	spontaneously	spontaneously	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
3	hugged	hug	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	girl	girl	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hug** | past | She | the new girl |  |  |  | spontaneously *property* | vn marry-36.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent girl=Co-Agent |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The kittens spontaneously started chasing each other.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:spontaneously:x6:1
# text = The kittens spontaneously started chasing each other.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	kittens	kitten	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
3	spontaneously	spontaneously	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	started	start	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	chasing	chase	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	4	xcomp	_	_
6	each	each	DET	DT	ExtPos=PRON|PronType=Rcp	5	obj	_	_
7	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	fixed	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **start** | past | the kittens |  |  |  |  | spontaneously *property* | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality |
| 2 | **chase** | gerund | the kittens *not said here* | each |  |  |  |  | vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent each=Theme |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
When once the conscience is awakened, it springs up in the heart spontaneously, and God awakens the conscience when we least expect it.

<!-- fold The tree, 23 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:spontaneously:x7:1
# text = When once the conscience is awakened, it springs up in the heart spontaneously, and God awakens the conscience when we least expect it.
1	When	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	6	mark	_	_
2	once	once	SCONJ	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	conscience	conscience	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux:pass	_	_
6	awakened	awaken	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	9	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
8	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
9	springs	spring	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
10	up	up	ADP	RP	_	9	compound:prt	_	_
11	in	in	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	heart	heart	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
14	spontaneously	spontaneously	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
17	God	God	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	18	nsubj	_	_
18	awakens	awaken	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	conj	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	conscience	conscience	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obj	_	_
21	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	24	advmod	_	_
22	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	24	nsubj	_	_
23	least	least	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	24	advmod	_	_
24	expect	expect	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	18	advcl	_	_
25	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	24	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **awaken** | present · passive | conscience *not said here* |  |  |  |  | once the conscience | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V» |
| 2 | **spring up** | present | conscience |  |  | the heart |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in heart=Location |
| 3 | **awaken** | present | God | the conscience |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location conscience=Theme |
| 4 | **expect** | infinitive | we | conscience |  |  |  | least *property* | vn conjecture-29.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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