---
title: spotted — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «spotted» in the school dictionary: Spotted means covered with a pattern of spots or dots: «a spotted dog». Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# spotted

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** spots, something, Dalmatian, I, She, her · **What happens:** spot, mean, cover, pattern, be, notice · **To what, where:** Spotted past form, something, spotted coat, friend, mistake, deer · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«spotted» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [spotted in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/spotted.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Spotted means covered with a pattern of spots or dots: «a spotted dog».

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:spotted:m1:1
# text = Spotted means covered with a pattern of spots or dots: «a spotted dog».
1	Spotted	spot	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	nsubj	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	covered	cover	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	ccomp	_	_
4	with	with	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	pattern	pattern	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	spots	spot	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nmod	_	_
9	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	dots	dot	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	2	punct	_	_
12	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
14	spotted	spot	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	15	amod	_	_
15	dog	dog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **spot** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn weather-57 «It V PP.theme» |
| 2 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **cover** | participle |  |  |  |  |  | with a pattern of spots or dots | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent with pattern=Theme |
| 4 | **spot** *in a quote* | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn weather-57 «It V PP.theme» |
| 5 | **pattern** |  | spots or dots |  |  |  |  |  | nom pattern «cognition intransitive»: of=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Spotted is the past form of «spot»: to notice or see something, especially something hard to find.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:spotted:m2:1
# text = Spotted is the past form of «spot»: to notice or see something, especially something hard to find.
1	Spotted	spot	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	amod	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	past	past	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	form	form	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	spot	spot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	12	punct	_	_
11	to	to	PART	TO	_	12	mark	_	_
12	notice	notice	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	5	parataxis	_	_
13	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
14	see	see	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	12	conj	_	_
15	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	14	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
17	especially	especially	ADV	RB	_	18	advmod	_	_
18	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	15	appos	_	_
19	hard	hard	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
20	to	to	PART	TO	_	21	mark	_	_
21	find	find	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	19	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **spot** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn weather-57 «It V PP.theme» |
| 2 | **is a** | present |  | the Spotted past form |  |  |  | of spot | tree rules |
| 3 | **notice** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn see-30.1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer |
| 4 | **see** | infinitive |  | something |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer something=Stimulus |
| 5 | **find** | to-infinitive | something *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V what S\_INF»: agent=Agent |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Dalmatian has a spotted coat.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:spotted:x1:1
# text = The Dalmatian has a spotted coat.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Dalmatian	Dalmatian	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	spotted	spot	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	amod	_	_
6	coat	coat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | the Dalmatian | a spotted coat |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent coat=Patient |
| 2 | **spot** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn weather-57 «It V PP.theme» |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
I spotted my friend in the crowd.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:spotted:x2:1
# text = I spotted my friend in the crowd.
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	spotted	spot	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	friend	friend	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	crowd	crowd	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **spot** | past | I |  | my friend |  |  | in the crowd | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent friend=Destination in crowd=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She spotted a mistake in her sum and fixed it.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:spotted:x3:1
# text = She spotted a mistake in her sum and fixed it.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	spotted	spot	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	mistake	mistake	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	sum	sum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	fixed	fix	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
10	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **spot** | past | She | a mistake |  |  |  | in her sum | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent mistake=Destination in sum=Theme |
| 2 | **fix** | past | She *not said here* | mistake |  |  |  |  | vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent it=Patient |
| 3 | **sum** |  | her *= she* |  |  |  |  |  | nom sum «possession transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We spotted a deer in the woods.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:spotted:x4:1
# text = We spotted a deer in the woods.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	spotted	spot	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	deer	deer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	woods	wood	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **spot** | past | We | a deer |  |  |  | in the woods | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent deer=Destination in wood=Theme |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Ladybirds are red and spotted.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:spotted:x5:1
# text = Ladybirds are red and spotted.
1	Ladybirds	ladybird	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	red	red	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	spotted	spot	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Ladybirds |  |  |  |  | red *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **spot** | participle | Ladybirds *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn weather-57 «It V PP.theme» |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Have you spotted the five differences in the pictures?

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:spotted:x6:1
# text = Have you spotted the five differences in the pictures?
1	Have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
2	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	spotted	spot	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	five	five	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	6	nummod	_	_
6	differences	difference	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	pictures	picture	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **spot** | present · perfect | you | the five differences |  |  |  | in the pictures | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent difference=Destination in picture=Theme |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The thief was spotted on camera.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:spotted:x7:1
# text = The thief was spotted on camera.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	thief	thief	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	spotted	spot	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	on	on	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	camera	camera	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **spot** | past · passive |  | the thief |  | camera |  |  | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Destination |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A pretty Barbel, with spotted skin, and an enviably round back, declared that the "human fry" were still there.

<!-- fold The tree, 19 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:spotted:x8:1
# text = A pretty Barbel, with spotted skin, and an enviably round back, declared that the "human fry" were still there.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	pretty	pretty	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	Barbel	Barbel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	15	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
5	with	with	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	spotted	spot	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	amod	_	_
7	skin	skin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
10	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	enviably	enviably	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
12	round	round	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	appos	_	_
13	back	back	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
15	declared	declare	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
16	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	24	mark	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
18	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	20	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	human	human	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	_
20	fry	fry	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	20	punct	_	_
22	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	24	cop	_	_
23	still	still	ADV	RB	_	24	advmod	_	_
24	there	there	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	15	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	15	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **spot** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn weather-57 «It V PP.theme» |
| 2 | **declare** *speech: other* | past | a pretty Barbel |  |  |  |  |  | vn declare-29.4-1-1-1 «NP V what S\_INF»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **is** | past | the human fry |  |  |  | still | there *property* | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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