---
title: sprat — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «sprat» in the school dictionary: A sprat is a small sea fish, like a herring but smaller. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# sprat

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**Who acts:** sprat, I, dolphins · **What happens:** be, have, say, talk · **To what, where:** small sea fish, many sprats, another · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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«sprat» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 2 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [sprat in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/sprat.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A sprat is a small sea fish, like a herring but smaller.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sprat:m1:1
# text = A sprat is a small sea fish, like a herring but smaller.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	sprat	sprat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
5	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
6	sea	sea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	fish	fish	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
9	like	like	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	herring	herring	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	parataxis	_	_
12	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	smaller	small	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	11	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a sprat | a small sea fish |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«I have many sprats,» said another.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sprat:x1:1
# text = «I have many sprats,» said another.
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	ccomp	_	_
4	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	sprats	sprat	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
8	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	another	another	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** *in a quote* | present | I | many sprats |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sprat=Patient |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | past |  | another |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The dolphins and the whales talked about the sprat.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sprat:x2:1
# text = The dolphins and the whales talked about the sprat.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	dolphins	dolphin	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
3	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	whales	whale	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	conj	_	_
6	talked	talk	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	about	about	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	sprat	sprat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **talk** | past | the dolphins and the whales |  |  |  |  | about the sprat | vn talk-37.5 «NP V PP.topic»: agent=Agent about sprat=Topic |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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