---
title: sprint — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «sprint» in the school dictionary: To sprint is to run as fast as you can for a short distance. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# sprint

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** sprint, She, metre sprint, He, We, bell · **What happens:** sprint, be, do, catch, win, ring · **To what, where:** short fast race, short burst, hard work, bus, shortest race, sprint

<!-- .vabout -->
«sprint» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [sprint in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/sprint.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To sprint is to run as fast as you can for a short distance.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sprint:m1:1
# text = To sprint is to run as fast as you can for a short distance.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	sprint	sprint	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	csubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	run	run	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	as	as	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
7	fast	fast	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	5	advmod	_	_
8	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	10	mark	_	_
9	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
10	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	7	advcl	_	_
11	for	for	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	short	short	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	distance	distance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sprint** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | for a short distance; fast, run *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A sprint is a short, very fast race, like the 100 metres.

<!-- fold The tree, 12 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sprint:m2:1
# text = A sprint is a short, very fast race, like the 100 metres.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	sprint	sprint	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
5	short	short	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
7	very	very	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	fast	fast	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	race	race	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
11	like	like	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	100	100	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	14	nummod	_	_
14	metres	metre	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a sprint | a short fast race |  |  |  | like the 100 metres | tree rules |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A sprint can also be a short burst of hard work done quickly.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sprint:m3:1
# text = A sprint can also be a short burst of hard work done quickly.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	sprint	sprint	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
3	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	_
4	also	also	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
5	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	cop	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	short	short	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	burst	burst	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	hard	hard	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	work	work	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	_
12	done	do	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	11	acl	_	_
13	quickly	quickly	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | can | a sprint | a short burst |  |  |  | of hard work | tree rules |
| 2 | **do** | participle |  | hard work *not said here* |  |  |  | quickly *property* | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She sprinted to catch the bus.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sprint:x1:1
# text = She sprinted to catch the bus.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	sprinted	sprint	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	to	to	PART	TO	_	4	mark	_	_
4	catch	catch	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	xcomp	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	bus	bus	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sprint** | past | She |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **catch** | to-infinitive | She *not said here* | the bus |  |  |  |  | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bus=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The 100-metre sprint is the shortest race on sports day.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sprint:x2:1
# text = The 100-metre sprint is the shortest race on sports day.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
2	100	100	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	4	nummod	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	metre	metre	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	sprint	sprint	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	shortest	short	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	9	amod	_	_
9	race	race	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
10	on	on	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	sports	sport	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	compound	_	_
12	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the metre sprint | the shortest race |  |  | day |  | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He won the sprint by a metre.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sprint:x3:1
# text = He won the sprint by a metre.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	won	win	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	sprint	sprint	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	by	by	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	metre	metre	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **win** | past | He | the sprint |  |  |  | by a metre | vn succeed-74-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sprint=Eventuality |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We sprinted across the field when the bell rang.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sprint:x4:1
# text = We sprinted across the field when the bell rang.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	sprinted	sprint	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	across	across	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	field	field	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
6	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	9	advmod	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	bell	bell	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
9	rang	ring	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sprint** | past | We |  |  | the field |  |  | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme across field=Trajectory |
| 2 | **ring** | past | the bell |  |  |  |  |  | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
You can't sprint for a whole marathon.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sprint:x5:1
# text = You can't sprint for a whole marathon.
1	You	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	ca	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	4	advmod	_	_
4	sprint	sprint	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	whole	whole	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	marathon	marathon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **sprint** | can | You |  |  |  |  | for a whole marathon | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The cheetah can sprint faster than any other land animal.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sprint:x6:1
# text = The cheetah can sprint faster than any other land animal.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	cheetah	cheetah	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	sprint	sprint	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	faster	fast	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	4	advmod	_	_
6	than	than	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
7	any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	10	det	_	_
8	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
9	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	_
10	animal	animal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sprint** | can | the cheetah |  |  |  |  | fast *property* | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Her sprint time was 15 seconds.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sprint:x7:1
# text = Her sprint time was 15 seconds.
1	Her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
2	sprint	sprint	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
4	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	15	15	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	6	nummod	_	_
6	seconds	second	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | Her sprint time | 15 seconds |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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