---
title: stair — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «stair» in the school dictionary: A stair is one step in a set of steps that go up or down inside a building. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# stair

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** stair, steps, Stairs, 15 stairs, She, house · **What happens:** be, go up, climb, have, hold, go down · **To what, where:** one step, set, building, whole set, 20 stairs, 3 floors

<!-- .vabout -->
«stair» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [stair in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/stair.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A stair is one step in a set of steps that go up or down inside a building.

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:stair:m1:1
# text = A stair is one step in a set of steps that go up or down inside a building.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	stair	stair	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	step	step	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	set	set	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	steps	step	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nmod	_	_
11	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	12	nsubj	_	_
12	go	go	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	acl:relcl	_	_
13	up	up	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
14	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
15	down	down	ADV	RB	_	13	conj	_	_
16	inside	inside	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	building	building	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a stair | one step |  | a set of steps |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **go up** | present | steps |  |  | a building |  |  | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Stairs (or a staircase) are the whole set of steps from one floor to another.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:stair:m2:1
# text = Stairs (or a staircase) are the whole set of steps from one floor to another.
1	Stairs	stair	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nsubj	_	_
2	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	staircase	staircase	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	5	punct	_	_
7	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	whole	whole	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	set	set	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	steps	step	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nmod	_	_
13	from	from	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	15	nummod	_	_
15	floor	floor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nmod	_	_
16	to	to	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	another	another	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	15	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Stairs | the whole set |  |  |  | of steps from one floor to another | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
There are 15 stairs to the first floor.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:stair:x1:1
# text = There are 15 stairs to the first floor.
1	There	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	2	expl	_	_
2	are	be	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	15	15	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	4	nummod	_	_
4	stairs	stair	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
5	to	to	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	first	first	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	8	amod	_	_
8	floor	floor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **does** | present | 15 stairs |  |  | there |  | to the first floor | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She climbs 20 stairs each morning.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:stair:x2:1
# text = She climbs 20 stairs each morning.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	climbs	climb	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	20	20	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	4	nummod	_	_
4	stairs	stair	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	6	det	_	_
6	morning	morning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **climb** | present | She | 20 stairs |  |  | morning |  | vn run-51.3.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Initial\_Location stair=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The house has 3 floors with 14 stairs between each.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:stair:x3:1
# text = The house has 3 floors with 14 stairs between each.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	house	house	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	3	3	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	floors	floor	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	with	with	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	14	14	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	8	nummod	_	_
8	stairs	stair	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	_
9	between	between	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | the house | 3 floors |  |  |  | with 14 stairs between each | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent floor=Patient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He went up 8 stairs and then down 3.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:stair:x4:1
# text = He went up 8 stairs and then down 3.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	up	up	ADP	RP	_	2	compound:prt	_	_
4	8	8	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	stairs	stair	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
7	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	8	advmod	_	_
8	down	down	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
9	3	3	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **go up** | past | He | 8 stairs |  |  |  | 3 *obl* | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Hold the handrail when you go down the stairs.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:stair:x5:1
# text = Hold the handrail when you go down the stairs.
1	Hold	hold	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	handrail	handrail	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	6	advmod	_	_
5	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
6	go	go	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	advcl	_	_
7	down	down	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	stairs	stair	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hold** | imperative | you *not said here* | the handrail |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent handrail=Theme |
| 2 | **go down** | present | you | the stairs |  |  |  |  | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.patient V NP.extent PP.source PP.goal»: agent=Patient stair=Extent |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Don't leave toys on the stairs.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:stair:x6:1
# text = Don't leave toys on the stairs.
1	Do	do	AUX	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	3	advmod	_	_
3	leave	leave	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	toys	toy	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
5	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	stairs	stair	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **leave** | imperative · do-support | you *not said here* | toys |  | the stairs |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent toy=Theme on stair=Location |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
My bedroom is upstairs.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:stair:x7:1
# text = My bedroom is upstairs.
1	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	bedroom	bedroom	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	upstairs	upstairs	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **be** | present | My bedroom |  |  |  |  | upstairs *property* | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The cat sleeps at the bottom of the stairs.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:stair:x8:1
# text = The cat sleeps at the bottom of the stairs.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	cat	cat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	sleeps	sleep	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	at	at	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	bottom	bottom	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	stairs	stair	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sleep** | present | the cat |  |  | the bottom of the stairs |  |  | vn snooze-40.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They were now on the stairs.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:stair:x9:1
# text = They were now on the stairs.
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
2	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
3	now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	6	advmod	_	_
4	on	on	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	stairs	stair	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | They |  |  | the stairs | now |  | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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