---
title: statistical — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «statistical» in the school dictionary: Statistical means about statistics: the collecting, counting and studying of numbers and data to find patterns and facts. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# statistical

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Statistical, collecting, We, report, river, statistical chart · **What happens:** mean, count, study, find, describe, show · **To what, where:** patterns, something, statistical survey, favourite fruits, statistical evidence, statistical tests · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«statistical» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [statistical in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/statistical.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Statistical means about statistics: the collecting, counting and studying of numbers and data to find patterns and facts.

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:statistical:m1:1
# text = Statistical means about statistics: the collecting, counting and studying of numbers and data to find patterns and facts.
1	Statistical	Statistical	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	about	about	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	statistics	statistic	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	7	punct	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	collecting	collecting	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
9	counting	count	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	7	acl	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	studying	study	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	9	conj	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	numbers	number	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	obl	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
15	data	data	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	conj	_	_
16	to	to	PART	TO	_	17	mark	_	_
17	find	find	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	advcl	_	_
18	patterns	pattern	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	obj	_	_
19	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
20	facts	fact	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | Statistical |  |  |  |  | about statistics | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **count** | gerund | the collecting *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn matter-91 «NP V»: agent=Stimulus |
| 3 | **study** | gerund | the collecting *not said here* |  |  |  |  | of numbers and data | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V PP.topic»: agent=Agent of number=Topic |
| 4 | **find** | to-infinitive | the collecting *not said here* | patterns and facts |  |  |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pattern=Topic |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Statistical describes something shown by numbers rather than by single stories: a statistical link, statistical evidence.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:statistical:m2:1
# text = Statistical describes something shown by numbers rather than by single stories: a statistical link, statistical evidence.
1	Statistical	Statistical	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	describes	describe	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	2	obj	_	_
4	shown	show	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	acl	_	_
5	by	by	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	numbers	number	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	_
7	rather	rather	ADV	RB	ExtPos=CCONJ	11	cc	_	_
8	than	than	ADP	IN	_	7	fixed	_	_
9	by	by	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	single	single	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	stories	story	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	15	punct	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
14	statistical	statistical	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	link	link	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
17	statistical	statistical	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
18	evidence	evidence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **describe** | present | Statistical | something |  |  |  |  | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent something=Theme |
| 2 | **show** | participle |  |  |  |  |  | by numbers rather single stories | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We did a statistical survey of favourite fruits in our class.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:statistical:x1:1
# text = We did a statistical survey of favourite fruits in our class.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	did	do	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	statistical	statistical	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	survey	survey	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	favourite	favourite	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	fruits	fruit	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	11	nmod:poss	_	_
11	class	class	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **do** | past | We | a statistical survey of favourite fruits in our class |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent survey=Eventuality |
| 2 | **survey** |  |  | favourite fruits in our class |  |  |  |  | nom survey «act transitive»: of=patient |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The report gives statistical evidence that the river is cleaner.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:statistical:x2:1
# text = The report gives statistical evidence that the river is cleaner.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	report	report	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	gives	give	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	statistical	statistical	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	evidence	evidence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	10	mark	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	river	river	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
9	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
10	cleaner	clean	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	5	acl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | present | the report | statistical evidence |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent evidence=Theme |
| 2 | **is** | present | the river | statistical evidence *not said here* |  |  |  | clean *property* | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A statistical chart showed how many children walk to school.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:statistical:x3:1
# text = A statistical chart showed how many children walk to school.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	statistical	statistical	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	chart	chart	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	showed	show	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	how	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	6	advmod	_	_
6	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	nsubj	_	_
7	children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nsubj	_	_
8	walk	walk	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	ccomp	_	_
9	to	to	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	school	school	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **show** | past | a statistical chart |  |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **walk** | present | many |  |  |  |  | to school *result* | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.result»: agent=Theme to school=Result |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Scientists used statistical tests to check their results.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:statistical:x4:1
# text = Scientists used statistical tests to check their results.
1	Scientists	scientist	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	used	use	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	statistical	statistical	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	tests	test	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	check	check	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	advcl	_	_
7	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	results	result	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use** | past | Scientists | statistical tests |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent test=Patient |
| 2 | **check** | to-infinitive | Scientists *not said here* | Scientists's results |  |  |  |  | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent result=Theme |
| 3 | **result** |  | Scientists *= scientist* |  |  |  |  |  | nom result «phenomenon transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
There is a statistical link between sleep and good marks.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:statistical:x5:1
# text = There is a statistical link between sleep and good marks.
1	There	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	2	expl	_	_
2	is	be	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	statistical	statistical	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	link	link	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
6	between	between	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	sleep	sleep	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
9	good	good	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	marks	mark	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **does** | present | a statistical link between sleep and good marks |  |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The statistical summary showed the mean height was 135 cm.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:statistical:x6:1
# text = The statistical summary showed the mean height was 135 cm.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	statistical	statistical	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	summary	summary	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	showed	show	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	mean	mean	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	height	height	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
8	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
9	135	135	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	10	nummod	_	_
10	cm	cm	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **show** | past | the statistical summary |  |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is a** | past | the mean height | 135 cm |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Is the difference real or just a statistical accident?

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:statistical:x7:1
# text = Is the difference real or just a statistical accident?
1	Is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	difference	difference	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	real	real	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
6	just	just	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	statistical	statistical	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	accident	accident	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | the difference |  |  |  |  | real *property* | tree rules |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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