---
title: staunch — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «staunch» in the school dictionary: Staunch means loyal and firm, never letting a friend or cause down. A staunch friend stays with you when things go wrong. (A bit old-fashioned.). Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# staunch

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Staunch, staunch friend, things, She, hero, staunchest supporter · **What happens:** mean, not let, cause down, stay, go, be · **To what, where:** friend, staunch friend, staunch young friend, match, staunch

<!-- .vabout -->
«staunch» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 4 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [staunch in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/staunch.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Staunch means loyal and firm, never letting a friend or cause down. A staunch friend stays with you when things go wrong. (A bit old-fashioned.).

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Staunch means loyal and firm, never letting a friend or cause down.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:staunch:m1:1
# text = Staunch means loyal and firm, never letting a friend or cause down.
1	Staunch	staunch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	loyal	loyal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	xcomp	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	firm	firm	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
7	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	8	advmod	_	_
8	letting	let	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	conj	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	friend	friend	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
11	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	cause	cause	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	conj	_	_
13	down	down	ADP	RP	_	12	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | Staunch |  |  |  |  | loyal *property* | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **not** **let** | gerund | Staunch *not said here* | a friend |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent friend=Theme |
| 3 | **cause down** | infinitive | Staunch *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn result-27.2 «NP V PP»: agent=Precondition |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* A staunch friend stays with you when things go wrong.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:staunch:m1:2
# text = A staunch friend stays with you when things go wrong.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	staunch	staunch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	friend	friend	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	stays	stay	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	with	with	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	4	obl	_	_
7	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	9	advmod	_	_
8	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nsubj	_	_
9	go	go	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	advcl	_	_
10	wrong	wrong	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stay** | present | a staunch friend |  |  |  |  | with you | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme with you=Location |
| 2 | **go** | present | things |  |  |  |  | wrong *property* | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 3:* (A bit old-fashioned.).

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:staunch:m1:3
# text = (A bit old-fashioned.).
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	bit	bit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl:unmarked	_	_
4	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	fashioned	fashioned	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She is a staunch friend.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:staunch:x1:1
# text = She is a staunch friend.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	staunch	staunch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	friend	friend	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | She | a staunch friend |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The hero welcomed his staunch young friend warmly.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:staunch:x2:1
# text = The hero welcomed his staunch young friend warmly.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	hero	hero	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	welcomed	welcome	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
5	staunch	staunch	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
6	young	young	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	friend	friend	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
8	warmly	warmly	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **welcome** | past | the hero | hero's staunch young friend |  |  |  | warmly *property* | vn admit-64.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent friend=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Our staunchest supporter came to every match.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:staunch:x3:1
# text = Our staunchest supporter came to every match.
1	Our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
2	staunchest	staunch	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	3	amod	_	_
3	supporter	supporter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	7	det	_	_
7	match	match	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | past | Our staunchest supporter |  |  | every match |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to match=Initial\_Location |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He stayed staunch even when everyone laughed.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:staunch:x4:1
# text = He stayed staunch even when everyone laughed.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	stayed	stay	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	staunch	staunch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
4	even	even	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
5	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	7	mark	_	_
6	everyone	everyone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Tot	7	nsubj	_	_
7	laughed	laugh	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stay** | past | He | staunch |  |  |  |  | vn lodge-46 «NP V ADV»: agent=Theme staunch=Location |
| 2 | **laugh** | past | everyone |  |  |  |  |  | vn nonverbal\_expression-40.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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