---
title: steam — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «steam» in the school dictionary: Steam is the hot white mist that rises from boiling water. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# steam

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Steam, hot white mist, soup, steam food, you, hand · **What happens:** be, rise, boil, make, heat, mean · **To what, where:** hot white mist, boiling water, water, science, steam, food · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«steam» in the school dictionary: its 5 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [steam in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/steam.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Steam is the hot white mist that rises from boiling water.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:steam:m1:1
# text = Steam is the hot white mist that rises from boiling water.
1	Steam	steam	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
4	hot	hot	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
5	white	white	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	mist	mist	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
8	rises	rise	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	acl:relcl	_	_
9	from	from	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	boiling	boil	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	11	amod	_	_
11	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Steam | the hot white mist |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **rise** | present | the hot white mist |  |  | boiling water |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme from water=Initial\_Location |
| 3 | **boil** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn cooking-45.3 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In science, steam is water as a gas (water vapour), made when water is heated to 100 °C.

<!-- fold The tree, 19 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:steam:m2:1
# text = In science, steam is water as a gas (water vapour), made when water is heated to 100 °C.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	science	science	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
4	steam	steam	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
6	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
7	as	as	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	gas	gas	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
10	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	compound	_	_
12	vapour	vapour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
15	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
16	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	19	mark	_	_
17	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	nsubj:pass	_	_
18	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	19	aux:pass	_	_
19	heated	heat	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	15	advcl	_	_
20	to	to	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
21	100	100	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	19	obl	_	_
22	°	°	SYM	SYM	_	23	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	C.	c.	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | steam | water |  |  |  | as a gas | tree rules |
| 2 | **make** | participle |  |  |  | science and water |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset |
| 3 | **heat** | present · passive |  | water |  |  |  | to 100 *result*; ° C. *obl* | vn cooking-45.3 «NP V NP PP.result»: subject=Patient to 100=Result |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To steam means to give off steam: the soup is steaming.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:steam:m3:1
# text = To steam means to give off steam: the soup is steaming.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	steam	steam	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	give	give	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	ccomp	_	_
6	off	off	ADP	RP	_	5	compound:prt	_	_
7	steam	steam	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	12	punct	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	soup	soup	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	_
11	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	aux	_	_
12	steaming	steam	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | steam |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **give off** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive |  | steam |  |  |  |  | vn substance\_emission-43.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Source steam=Theme |
| 3 | **steam** | present · progressive | the soup |  |  |  |  |  | vn cooking-45.3 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To steam food means to cook it over boiling water.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:steam:m4:1
# text = To steam food means to cook it over boiling water.
1	To	to	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	steam	steam	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	food	food	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	cook	cook	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	xcomp	_	_
7	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	obj	_	_
8	over	over	ADP	RP	_	6	compound:prt	_	_
9	boiling	boil	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	10	amod	_	_
10	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | steam food |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **cook over** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | steam food *not said here* | food |  |  |  | boiling water *obl* | vn cooking-45.3 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent it=Patient |
| 3 | **boil** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn cooking-45.3 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

## Meaning 5 {#m5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Steam is the power from steam that drove old trains and engines.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:steam:m5:1
# text = Steam is the power from steam that drove old trains and engines.
1	Steam	steam	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	power	power	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	from	from	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	steam	steam	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
7	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
8	drove	drive	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	acl:relcl	_	_
9	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	trains	train	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obj	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	engines	engine	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Steam | the power |  | steam |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **drive** | past | steam | old trains and engines |  |  |  |  | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme train=Trajectory |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Steam rose from the kettle.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:steam:x1:1
# text = Steam rose from the kettle.
1	Steam	steam	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	rose	rise	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	from	from	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	kettle	kettle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **rise** | past | Steam |  |  | the kettle |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme from kettle=Initial\_Location |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Keep your hand away from the steam; it can burn you.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:steam:x2:1
# text = Keep your hand away from the steam; it can burn you.
1	Keep	keep	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
3	hand	hand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	away	away	ADV	RB	_	1	advmod	_	_
5	from	from	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	steam	steam	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	11	punct	_	_
9	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
10	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	11	aux	_	_
11	burn	burn	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	1	advcl	_	_
12	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	11	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **keep** | imperative | you *not said here* | your hand |  |  |  | away *property* | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hand=Theme |
| 2 | **burn** | can | hand | you |  |  |  |  | vn light\_emission-43.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent you=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Water turns into steam when it boils.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:steam:x3:1
# text = Water turns into steam when it boils.
1	Water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	turns	turn	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	into	into	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	steam	steam	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
5	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	7	advmod	_	_
6	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
7	boils	boil	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **turn** | present | Water |  |  | steam |  |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme into steam=Trajectory |
| 2 | **boil** | present | Water |  |  |  |  |  | vn cooking-45.3 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The bathroom mirror was covered in drops after the steam from the shower.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:steam:x4:1
# text = The bathroom mirror was covered in drops after the steam from the shower.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	bathroom	bathroom	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	mirror	mirror	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	covered	cover	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	drops	drop	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl	_	_
8	after	after	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	steam	steam	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
11	from	from	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	shower	shower	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cover** | past · passive |  | the bathroom mirror |  |  |  | in drops after the steam from the shower | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: subject=Destination in drop=Theme |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Mum steamed the broccoli.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:steam:x5:1
# text = Mum steamed the broccoli.
1	Mum	mum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	steamed	steam	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	broccoli	broccoli	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **steam** | past | Mum | the broccoli |  |  |  |  | vn cooking-45.3 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent broccoli=Patient |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We rode on an old steam train.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:steam:x6:1
# text = We rode on an old steam train.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	rode	rode	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
4	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
5	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
6	steam	steam	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	train	train	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **rode** | present | We |  |  | a old steam train |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The children let off steam in the playground.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:steam:x7:1
# text = The children let off steam in the playground.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	let	let	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	off	off	ADP	RP	_	3	compound:prt	_	_
5	steam	steam	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	playground	playground	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **let off** | present | the children | steam |  | the playground |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent steam=Theme |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
By the end of the race, I ran out of steam.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:steam:x8:1
# text = By the end of the race, I ran out of steam.
1	By	by	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	end	end	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	race	race	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
8	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
9	ran	run	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
10	out	out	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	steam	steam	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **run** | past | I |  |  | steam | by the end of the race |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme by end=Trajectory |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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