---
title: stimulant — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «stimulant» in the school dictionary: A stimulant is a substance that makes your body and brain more awake and active for a while, such as the caffeine in coffee, tea and cola. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# stimulant

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** stimulant, substance, stimulants, strong drugs, that, Caffeine · **What happens:** be, make, use, get, go, grow · **To what, where:** substance, body, strong drugs, some, anything, something · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«stimulant» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [stimulant in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/stimulant.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A stimulant is a substance that makes your body and brain more awake and active for a while, such as the caffeine in coffee, tea and cola.

<!-- fold The tree, 27 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:stimulant:m1:1
# text = A stimulant is a substance that makes your body and brain more awake and active for a while, such as the caffeine in coffee, tea and cola.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	stimulant	stimulant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	substance	substance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	7	nsubj	_	_
7	makes	make	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	acl:relcl	_	_
8	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
9	body	body	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	brain	brain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	conj	_	_
12	more	more	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	13	advmod	_	_
13	awake	awake	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	advcl	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
15	active	active	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	conj	_	_
16	for	for	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	while	while	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
20	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP	23	case	_	_
21	as	as	ADP	IN	_	20	fixed	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
23	caffeine	caffeine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	acl:relcl	_	_
24	in	in	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
25	coffee	coffee	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
27	tea	tea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	conj	_	_
28	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	29	cc	_	_
29	cola	cola	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a stimulant | a substance |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **make** | present | a substance | your body and brain |  |  | while |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset body=Product |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Some stimulants are strong drugs, some used as medicine and some illegal, that can be harmful.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:stimulant:m2:1
# text = Some stimulants are strong drugs, some used as medicine and some illegal, that can be harmful.
1	Some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	2	det	_	_
2	stimulants	stimulant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
3	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	strong	strong	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	drugs	drug	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
7	some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	8	nsubj:pass	_	_
8	used	use	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	acl	_	_
9	as	as	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	medicine	medicine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
12	some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	13	det	_	_
13	illegal	illegal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
15	that	that	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	18	nsubj	_	_
16	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	18	aux	_	_
17	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	18	cop	_	_
18	harmful	harmful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | some stimulants | strong drugs |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **use** | participle · passive | strong drugs *not said here* | some |  |  |  | as medicine | vn spend\_time-104 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: subject=Duration as medicine=Attribute |
| 3 | **is** | can | that |  |  |  |  | harmful *property* | tree rules |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A stimulant can also be anything that gets something going or growing faster, like a stimulant to the economy or to the imagination.

<!-- fold The tree, 23 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:stimulant:m3:1
# text = A stimulant can also be anything that gets something going or growing faster, like a stimulant to the economy or to the imagination.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	stimulant	stimulant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
4	also	also	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
5	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	cop	_	_
6	anything	anything	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	0	root	_	_
7	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
8	gets	get	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	acl:relcl	_	_
9	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	8	obj	_	_
10	going	go	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	9	acl	_	_
11	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	growing	grow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	10	conj	_	_
13	faster	fast	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	12	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
15	like	like	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	stimulant	stimulant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
18	to	to	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	economy	economy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	nmod	_	_
21	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	_
22	to	to	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	imagination	imagination	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | can | a stimulant | anything |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **get** | present |  | something |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer something=Stimulus |
| 3 | **go** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | like a stimulant to the economy or the imagination | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **grow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | fast *property* | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Caffeine is a stimulant found in coffee, tea and cola.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:stimulant:x1:1
# text = Caffeine is a stimulant found in coffee, tea and cola.
1	Caffeine	caffeine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	stimulant	stimulant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	found	find	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	acl	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	coffee	coffee	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
9	tea	tea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	cola	cola	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Caffeine | a stimulant |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **find** | participle |  | a stimulant *not said here* |  | coffee and tea and cola |  |  | vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V what S\_INF»: agent=Agent |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Energy drinks contain stimulants, so they are not for kids.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:stimulant:x2:1
# text = Energy drinks contain stimulants, so they are not for kids.
1	Energy	energy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	drinks	drink	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	contain	contain	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	stimulants	stimulant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
6	so	so	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
7	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
8	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	cop	_	_
9	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	11	advmod	_	_
10	for	for	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	kids	kid	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **contain** | present | Energy drinks | stimulants |  |  |  |  | vn comprise-107.2-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot stimulant=Theme |
| 2 | **not** **is** | present | drinks *= drink* |  |  |  |  | for kids | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The doctor said the medicine is a mild stimulant.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:stimulant:x3:1
# text = The doctor said the medicine is a mild stimulant.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	doctor	doctor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	medicine	medicine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	mild	mild	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	stimulant	stimulant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | the doctor |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is a** | present | the medicine | a mild stimulant |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Some athletes have been banned for taking stimulants.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:stimulant:x4:1
# text = Some athletes have been banned for taking stimulants.
1	Some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	2	det	_	_
2	athletes	athlete	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
4	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	banned	ban	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
7	taking	take	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	5	advcl	_	_
8	stimulants	stimulant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **ban** | present · perfect · passive |  | some athletes |  |  |  |  | vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 2 | **take** | gerund |  | stimulants |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent stimulant=Theme |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A stimulant can make your heart beat faster.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:stimulant:x5:1
# text = A stimulant can make your heart beat faster.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	stimulant	stimulant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	heart	heart	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	beat	beat	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	parataxis	_	_
8	faster	fast	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	7	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | can | a stimulant | your heart |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset heart=Product |
| 2 | **beat** | present |  |  |  |  |  | fast *property* | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Nicotine in cigarettes is a stimulant and is very addictive.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:stimulant:x6:1
# text = Nicotine in cigarettes is a stimulant and is very addictive.
1	Nicotine	nicotine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
2	in	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
3	cigarettes	cigarette	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	nmod	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	stimulant	stimulant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
8	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
9	very	very	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
10	addictive	addictive	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Nicotine in cigarettes | a stimulant |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **is** | present | Nicotine in cigarettes *not said here* |  |  |  |  | addictive *property* | tree rules |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
For Mum, a strong cup of tea is her morning stimulant.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:stimulant:x7:1
# text = For Mum, a strong cup of tea is her morning stimulant.
1	For	for	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	Mum	mum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	strong	strong	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	cup	cup	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	tea	tea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
9	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	cop	_	_
10	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	12	nmod:poss	_	_
11	morning	morning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	compound	_	_
12	stimulant	stimulant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	12	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a strong cup of tea | her morning stimulant |  |  |  | for Mum | tree rules |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The new park was a stimulant for local businesses.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:stimulant:x8:1
# text = The new park was a stimulant for local businesses.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	park	park	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
4	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	stimulant	stimulant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	for	for	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	local	local	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	businesses	business	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | the new park | a stimulant |  |  |  | for local businesses | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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