---
title: stopcock — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «stopcock» in the school dictionary: A stopcock is a tap or valve on a water pipe that you turn to stop or start the flow of water into a house or to part of the plumbing. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# stopcock

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** stopcock, you, water, Dad, plumber, Mum · **What happens:** be, turn, stop, start, flow, turn off · **To what, where:** tap, water pipe, flow, house, stopcock, kitchen sink · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«stopcock» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [stopcock in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/stopcock.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A stopcock is a tap or valve on a water pipe that you turn to stop or start the flow of water into a house or to part of the plumbing.

<!-- fold The tree, 31 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:stopcock:m1:1
# text = A stopcock is a tap or valve on a water pipe that you turn to stop or start the flow of water into a house or to part of the plumbing.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	stopcock	stopcock	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	tap	tap	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	valve	valve	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
8	on	on	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	_
11	pipe	pipe	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
12	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	14	obj	_	_
13	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	14	nsubj	_	_
14	turn	turn	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	acl:relcl	_	_
15	to	to	PART	TO	_	16	mark	_	_
16	stop	stop	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	14	xcomp	_	_
17	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
18	start	start	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	16	conj	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	flow	flow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obj	_	_
21	of	of	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
22	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	nmod	_	_
23	into	into	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
24	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
25	house	house	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obl	_	_
26	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	28	cc	_	_
27	to	to	PART	TO	_	28	mark	_	_
28	part	part	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	conj	_	_
29	of	of	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
30	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	31	det	_	_
31	plumbing	plumbing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a stopcock | a tap or valve |  | a water pipe |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **turn** | present | you | a water pipe |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **stop** | to-infinitive | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |
| 4 | **start** | infinitive | you *not said here* | the flow of water |  | a house or part of the plumbing |  |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent flow=Eventuality |
| 5 | **flow** |  | water |  |  |  |  |  | nom flow «event intransitive»: of=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Dad turned off the stopcock when the pipe burst.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:stopcock:x1:1
# text = Dad turned off the stopcock when the pipe burst.
1	Dad	dad	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	turned	turn	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	off	off	ADP	RP	_	2	compound:prt	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	stopcock	stopcock	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	9	mark	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	pipe	pipe	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	burst	burst	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **turn off** | past | Dad | the stopcock |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent stopcock=Patient |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The stopcock is under the kitchen sink.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:stopcock:x2:1
# text = The stopcock is under the kitchen sink.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	stopcock	stopcock	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
4	under	under	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	kitchen	kitchen	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	sink	sink	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | the stopcock |  |  | the kitchen sink |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Do you know where your stopcock is?

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:stopcock:x3:1
# text = Do you know where your stopcock is?
1	Do	do	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
2	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	know	know	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	3	ccomp	_	_
5	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	stopcock	stopcock	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
7	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **know** | present · do-support | you |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 2 | **is** | present | your stopcock |  |  |  |  | where *property* | tree rules |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The plumber turned the stopcock before fixing the tap.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:stopcock:x4:1
# text = The plumber turned the stopcock before fixing the tap.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	plumber	plumber	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	turned	turn	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	stopcock	stopcock	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	before	before	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
7	fixing	fix	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	3	advcl	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	tap	tap	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **turn** | past | the plumber | the stopcock |  |  |  |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent stopcock=Theme |
| 2 | **fix** | gerund | the plumber *not said here* | the tap |  |  |  |  | vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent tap=Patient |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Turn the stopcock clockwise to close it.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:stopcock:x5:1
# text = Turn the stopcock clockwise to close it.
1	Turn	turn	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	stopcock	stopcock	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	clockwise	clockwise	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	1	xcomp	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	close	close	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	advcl	_	_
7	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **turn** | imperative | you *not said here* | the stopcock |  |  |  | clockwise *property* | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent stopcock=Theme |
| 2 | **close** | to-infinitive | you *not said here* | stopcock |  |  |  |  | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Patient |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Water poured out until Mum found the stopcock.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:stopcock:x6:1
# text = Water poured out until Mum found the stopcock.
1	Water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	poured	pour	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
3	out	out	ADP	RP	_	2	compound:prt	_	_
4	until	until	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
5	Mum	mum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
6	found	find	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	advcl	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	stopcock	stopcock	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pour out** | participle | Water |  |  |  |  |  | vn substance\_emission-43.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Source |
| 2 | **find** | past | Mum | the stopcock |  |  |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent stopcock=Topic |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Ask an adult to show you the stopcock in your home.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:stopcock:x7:1
# text = Ask an adult to show you the stopcock in your home.
1	Ask	ask	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	adult	adult	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	show	show	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	1	xcomp	_	_
6	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	5	iobj	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	stopcock	stopcock	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	11	nmod:poss	_	_
11	home	home	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **ask** *speech: ask* | imperative | you *not said here* |  | a adult |  |  |  | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V NP whether S\_INF»: agent=Agent adult=Recipient clause=Topic |
| 2 | **show** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | you *not said here* | the stopcock | you | your home |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent you=Recipient stopcock=Topic |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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