---
title: striking — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «striking» in the school dictionary: Striking means hitting something hard: the ball striking the window. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# striking

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Striking, ball, clock, Striking workers, workers, many times · **What happens:** mean, hit, strike, ring, notice, be · **To what, where:** something, window, six, eye catching, strike, work

<!-- .vabout -->
«striking» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 10 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [striking in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/striking.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Striking means hitting something hard: the ball striking the window.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:striking:m1:1
# text = Striking means hitting something hard: the ball striking the window.
1	Striking	striking	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	hitting	hit	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	xcomp	_	_
4	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	3	obj	_	_
5	hard	hard	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	8	punct	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	ball	ball	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	appos	_	_
9	striking	strike	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	8	acl	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	window	window	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | Striking |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **hit** *not said to happen* | gerund | Striking *not said here* | something |  |  |  |  | vn contiguous\_location-47.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme something=Co-Theme |
| 3 | **strike** | gerund | the ball *not said here* | the window |  |  |  |  | vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent window=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
For a clock, striking means ringing the hours: the clock is striking six.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:striking:m2:1
# text = For a clock, striking means ringing the hours: the clock is striking six.
1	For	for	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	clock	clock	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	striking	strike	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	6	nsubj	_	_
6	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	ringing	ring	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	6	xcomp	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	hours	hour	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	14	punct	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	clock	clock	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nsubj	_	_
13	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	14	aux	_	_
14	striking	strike	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	7	conj	_	_
15	six	six	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	14	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **strike** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  | for a clock | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **ring** *not said to happen* | gerund |  |  |  |  | hour |  | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **strike** | present · progressive | the clock | six |  |  |  |  | vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent six=Patient |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Striking also means very easy to notice, eye-catching: a striking red dress.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:striking:m3:1
# text = Striking also means very easy to notice, eye-catching: a striking red dress.
1	Striking	strike	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	3	nsubj	_	_
2	also	also	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
3	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	very	very	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	easy	easy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	xcomp	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	notice	notice	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
9	eye	eye	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	catching	catching	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	16	punct	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
14	striking	strike	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	16	amod	_	_
15	red	red	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	dress	dress	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **strike** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  | easy *property* | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **notice** | to-infinitive |  | eye catching and a striking red dress |  |  |  |  | vn see-30.1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer catching=Stimulus |
| 4 | **strike** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Striking workers are on strike: they stop work to ask for better pay or conditions.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:striking:m4:1
# text = Striking workers are on strike: they stop work to ask for better pay or conditions.
1	Striking	strike	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	amod	_	_
2	workers	worker	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
3	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	on	on	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	strike	strike	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	8	punct	_	_
7	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
8	stop	stop	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	parataxis	_	_
9	work	work	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
10	to	to	PART	TO	_	11	mark	_	_
11	ask	ask	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	advcl	_	_
12	for	for	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	better	good	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	14	amod	_	_
14	pay	pay	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	_
15	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
16	conditions	condition	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **strike** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **is** | present | Striking workers |  |  | strike |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **stop** | present | workers *= worker* | work |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Subeventuality work=Eventuality |
| 4 | **ask** *speech: ask* | to-infinitive | workers *= worker* *not said here* |  |  |  |  | for better pay or conditions | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The clock is striking 6.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:striking:x1:1
# text = The clock is striking 6.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	clock	clock	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	striking	strike	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	6	6	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **strike** | present · progressive | the clock | 6 |  |  |  |  | vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent 6=Patient |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
How many times does a clock strike from 1 to 12?

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:striking:x2:1
# text = How many times does a clock strike from 1 to 12?
1	How	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	2	advmod	_	_
2	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	times	time	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
4	does	do	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	clock	clock	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	strike	strike	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
8	from	from	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	1	1	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	7	nmod	_	_
10	to	to	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	12	12	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **do** | present | many times | a clock strike |  | 1 to 12 |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent strike=Eventuality |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The clock takes 10 seconds for striking 6.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:striking:x3:1
# text = The clock takes 10 seconds for striking 6.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	clock	clock	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	takes	take	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	10	10	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	seconds	second	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
7	striking	strike	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	advcl	_	_
8	6	6	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take** | present | the clock |  |  |  | second |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **strike** | gerund | the clock *not said here* | 6 |  |  |  |  | vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent 6=Patient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Each striking of the bell lasts 2 seconds.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:striking:x4:1
# text = Each striking of the bell lasts 2 seconds.
1	Each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	2	det	_	_
2	striking	striking	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	bell	bell	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	lasts	last	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	2	2	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	8	nummod	_	_
8	seconds	second	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **last** | present | each striking of the bell |  |  |  | second |  | vn cost-54.2 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **strike** |  |  | the bell |  |  |  |  | nom striking «event transitive»: of=patient |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Lightning is striking the hills.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:striking:x5:1
# text = Lightning is striking the hills.
1	Lightning	lightning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	striking	strike	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	hills	hill	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **strike** | present · progressive | Lightning | the hills |  |  |  |  | vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hill=Patient |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She wore a striking yellow coat.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:striking:x6:1
# text = She wore a striking yellow coat.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	wore	wear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
4	striking	strike	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	6	amod	_	_
5	yellow	yellow	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	coat	coat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wear** | past | She | a striking yellow coat |  |  |  |  | vn wipe\_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent coat=Theme |
| 2 | **strike** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
There is a striking likeness between the twins.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:striking:x7:1
# text = There is a striking likeness between the twins.
1	There	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	2	expl	_	_
2	is	be	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	striking	strike	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	amod	_	_
5	likeness	likeness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
6	between	between	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	twins	twin	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **be** | present | a striking likeness between the twins |  |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **strike** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He was striking the nail with a hammer.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:striking:x8:1
# text = He was striking the nail with a hammer.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	striking	strike	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	nail	nail	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	with	with	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	hammer	hammer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **strike** | past · progressive | He | the nail |  |  |  | with a hammer | vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent nail=Patient with hammer=Instrument |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The bus drivers are striking for better pay.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:striking:x9:1
# text = The bus drivers are striking for better pay.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	bus	bus	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	drivers	driver	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
4	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
5	striking	strike	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	better	good	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	8	amod	_	_
8	pay	pay	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **strike** | present · progressive | the bus drivers |  |  |  |  | for better pay | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP.location V PP.theme»: agent=Location |

## Example 10 {#x10}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The clocks were striking twelve when John awoke.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:striking:x10:1
# text = The clocks were striking twelve when John awoke.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	clocks	clock	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
3	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	striking	strike	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	twelve	twelve	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	4	obj	_	_
6	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	8	advmod	_	_
7	John	John	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
8	awoke	awake	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **strike** | past · progressive | the clocks | twelve |  |  |  |  | vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent twelve=Patient |
| 2 | **awake** | past | John |  |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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