---
title: structural — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «structural» in the school dictionary: Structural means to do with the structure of something: how its parts are built, joined or organised. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# structural

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Structural, Structural damage, object, earthquake, Triangles, structural engineer · **What happens:** mean, do, build, join, organise, be · **To what, where:** parts, damage, structural damage, strong structural shapes, old bridge, newspaper article · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«structural» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [structural in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/structural.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Structural means to do with the structure of something: how its parts are built, joined or organised.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:structural:m1:1
# text = Structural means to do with the structure of something: how its parts are built, joined or organised.
1	Structural	Structural	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	to	to	PART	TO	_	4	mark	_	_
4	do	do	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	ccomp	_	_
5	with	with	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	structure	structure	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	15	punct	_	_
11	how	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	15	advmod	_	_
12	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	13	nmod:poss	_	_
13	parts	part	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	nsubj:pass	_	_
14	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	15	aux:pass	_	_
15	built	build	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	9	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
17	joined	join	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	15	conj	_	_
18	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
19	organised	organise	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	17	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | Structural |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **do** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | with the structure of something | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **build** | present · passive |  | structure's parts |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product |
| 4 | **join** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn mix-22.1-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient |
| 5 | **organise** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Structural damage is damage to the main frame of a building or object, which can make it unsafe.

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:structural:m2:1
# text = Structural damage is damage to the main frame of a building or object, which can make it unsafe.
1	Structural	structural	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	damage	damage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	damage	damage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	main	main	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	frame	frame	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	building	building	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	_
12	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	object	object	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
15	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	17	nsubj	_	_
16	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	17	aux	_	_
17	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	13	acl:relcl	_	_
18	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	17	obj	_	_
19	unsafe	unsafe	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Structural damage | damage |  |  |  | to the main frame of a building or object | tree rules |
| 2 | **make** | can | object | damage |  |  |  | unsafe *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset it=Product |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The earthquake caused structural damage to the school.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:structural:x1:1
# text = The earthquake caused structural damage to the school.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	earthquake	earthquake	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	caused	cause	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	structural	structural	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	damage	damage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	to	to	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	school	school	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cause** | past | the earthquake | structural damage |  |  |  | to the school | vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition damage=Patient |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Triangles are strong structural shapes.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:structural:x2:1
# text = Triangles are strong structural shapes.
1	Triangles	triangle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	strong	strong	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
4	structural	structural	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	shapes	shape	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Triangles | strong structural shapes |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A structural engineer checked the old bridge.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:structural:x3:1
# text = A structural engineer checked the old bridge.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	structural	structural	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	engineer	engineer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	checked	check	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	bridge	bridge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **check** | past | a structural engineer | the old bridge |  |  |  |  | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bridge=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We looked at the structural features of a newspaper article.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:structural:x4:1
# text = We looked at the structural features of a newspaper article.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	looked	look	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	at	at	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	structural	structural	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	features	feature	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	newspaper	newspaper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	_
10	article	article	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **look** | past | We |  |  |  |  | at the structural features of a newspaper article | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent at feature=Theme |
| 2 | **feature** |  |  | a newspaper article |  |  |  |  | nom feature «cognition transitive»: of=patient |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The tower had a structural weakness.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:structural:x5:1
# text = The tower had a structural weakness.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	tower	tower	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	structural	structural	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	weakness	weakness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | the tower | a structural weakness |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent weakness=Patient |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Steel beams give the building structural strength.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:structural:x6:1
# text = Steel beams give the building structural strength.
1	Steel	steel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	beams	beam	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	give	give	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	building	building	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	structural	structural	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	strength	strength	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | present | Steel beams | the building |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent building=Recipient strength=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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