---
title: studbook — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «studbook» in the school dictionary: A studbook is an official record book listing the parents, grandparents and births of animals of a particular breed, especially horses, but also dogs and cattle. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# studbook

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** studbook, official record book, Zoos, zoo, grandfather, Studbooks · **What happens:** be, list, keep, choose, record, check · **To what, where:** official record book, parents, studbooks, mates, animals, Thoroughbred foal · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«studbook» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [studbook in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/studbook.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A studbook is an official record book listing the parents, grandparents and births of animals of a particular breed, especially horses, but also dogs and cattle.

<!-- fold The tree, 26 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:studbook:m1:1
# text = A studbook is an official record book listing the parents, grandparents and births of animals of a particular breed, especially horses, but also dogs and cattle.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	studbook	studbook	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
4	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
5	official	official	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
6	record	record	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	book	book	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
8	listing	list	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	7	acl	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	parents	parent	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
12	grandparents	grandparent	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	conj	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
14	births	birth	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	conj	_	_
15	of	of	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	animals	animal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	nmod	_	_
17	of	of	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
18	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
19	particular	particular	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	_
20	breed	breed	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
22	especially	especially	ADV	RB	_	23	advmod	_	_
23	horses	horse	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	20	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
25	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	27	cc	_	_
26	also	also	ADV	RB	_	27	advmod	_	_
27	dogs	dog	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	conj	_	_
28	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	29	cc	_	_
29	cattle	cattle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	27	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a studbook | a official record book but dogs and cattle |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **list** | gerund | a official record book but dogs and cattle *not said here* | the parents and grandparents and births of animals of a particular breed and horses |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Zoos keep studbooks for rare animals so they can choose mates and keep the animals healthy and varied.

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:studbook:m2:1
# text = Zoos keep studbooks for rare animals so they can choose mates and keep the animals healthy and varied.
1	Zoos	zoo	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	keep	keep	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	studbooks	studbook	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
4	for	for	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	rare	rare	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	animals	animal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
7	so	so	SCONJ	IN	_	10	mark	_	_
8	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
9	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	10	aux	_	_
10	choose	choose	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	advcl	_	_
11	mates	mate	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obj	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	keep	keep	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	conj	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	animals	animal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	obj	_	_
16	healthy	healthy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	xcomp	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
18	varied	varied	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **keep** | present | Zoos | studbooks |  |  |  | for rare animals | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent studbook=Theme |
| 2 | **choose** | can | Zoos *= zoo* | mates |  |  |  |  | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent mate=Theme |
| 3 | **keep** | infinitive | Zoos *= zoo* *not said here* | the animals |  |  |  | healthy *property* | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent animal=Theme |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Every Thoroughbred foal is recorded in the studbook.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:studbook:x1:1
# text = Every Thoroughbred foal is recorded in the studbook.
1	Every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	3	det	_	_
2	Thoroughbred	Thoroughbred	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	foal	foal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	recorded	record	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	studbook	studbook	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **record** | present · passive |  | every Thoroughbred foal |  | the studbook |  |  | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme in studbook=Destination |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The zoo checked the studbook before pairing the snow leopards.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:studbook:x2:1
# text = The zoo checked the studbook before pairing the snow leopards.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	zoo	zoo	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	checked	check	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	studbook	studbook	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	before	before	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
7	pairing	pair	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	advcl	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	snow	snow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	_
10	leopards	leopard	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **check** | past | the zoo | the studbook |  |  |  |  | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent studbook=Theme |
| 2 | **pair** | gerund | the zoo *not said here* | the snow leopards |  |  |  |  | vn amalgamate-22.2-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent leopard=Patient |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The pony's studbook shows its grandfather was a champion.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:studbook:x3:1
# text = The pony's studbook shows its grandfather was a champion.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	pony	pony	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	's	's	PART	POS	_	2	case	_	_
4	studbook	studbook	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	shows	show	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	grandfather	grandfather	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
8	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	champion	champion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **show** | present | the pony's studbook |  |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is a** | past | studbook's grandfather | a champion |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Studbooks help stop rare animals breeding with close relatives.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:studbook:x4:1
# text = Studbooks help stop rare animals breeding with close relatives.
1	Studbooks	studbook	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	help	help	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	stop	stop	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	xcomp	_	_
4	rare	rare	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	animals	animal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	breeding	breed	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	acl	_	_
7	with	with	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	close	close	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	relatives	relative	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **help** | present | Studbooks |  |  |  |  |  | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 2 | **stop** | infinitive | Studbooks *not said here* | rare animals |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Subeventuality animal=Eventuality |
| 3 | **breed** | gerund | rare animals *not said here* |  |  |  |  | with close relatives | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The dog's name was added to the breed's studbook.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:studbook:x5:1
# text = The dog's name was added to the breed's studbook.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	dog	dog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	's	's	PART	POS	_	2	case	_	_
4	name	name	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj:pass	_	_
5	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux:pass	_	_
6	added	add	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
7	to	to	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	breed	breed	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	's	's	PART	POS	_	9	case	_	_
11	studbook	studbook	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **add** *speech: assert* | past · passive |  | the dog's name |  |  |  | to the breed's studbook | vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V NP PP.co-patient»: subject=Patient to studbook=Co-Patient |
| 2 | **name** |  | the dog |  |  |  |  |  | nom name «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Keepers around the world share one studbook for the red pandas.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:studbook:x6:1
# text = Keepers around the world share one studbook for the red pandas.
1	Keepers	keeper	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
2	around	around	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	world	world	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	nmod	_	_
5	share	share	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	7	nummod	_	_
7	studbook	studbook	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
8	for	for	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	red	red	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	pandas	panda	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **share** | present | Keepers around the world | one studbook |  |  |  | for the red pandas | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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