---
title: studio — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «studio» in the school dictionary: A studio is a room where an artist, photographer or dancer works. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# studio

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** studio, artist, We, our, band, their · **What happens:** be, work, make, record, sleep, call · **To what, where:** room, place, films, small home, film company, bright studio · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«studio» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [studio in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/studio.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A studio is a room where an artist, photographer or dancer works.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:studio:m1:1
# text = A studio is a room where an artist, photographer or dancer works.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	studio	studio	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	room	room	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	13	advmod	_	_
7	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	artist	artist	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
10	photographer	photographer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	_
11	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	dancer	dancer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	_
13	works	work	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a studio | a room |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **work** | present | a artist and photographer or dancer |  |  |  |  |  | vn employment-95.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A studio is a place where films, TV or radio programmes or music are made and recorded.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:studio:m2:1
# text = A studio is a place where films, TV or radio programmes or music are made and recorded.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	studio	studio	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	16	advmod	_	_
7	films	film	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	nsubj:pass	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
9	TV	TV	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	_
10	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
11	radio	radio	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	compound	_	_
12	programmes	programme	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	conj	_	_
13	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
14	music	music	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	conj	_	_
15	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	16	aux:pass	_	_
16	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	acl:relcl	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
18	recorded	record	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	16	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a studio | a place |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **make** | present · passive |  | films and TV or radio programmes or music |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product |
| 3 | **record** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A studio or studio flat is a small home with one main room for living and sleeping.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:studio:m3:1
# text = A studio or studio flat is a small home with one main room for living and sleeping.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	studio	studio	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
3	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
4	studio	studio	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	flat	flat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	home	home	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
10	with	with	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
11	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	13	nummod	_	_
12	main	main	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	room	room	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	_
14	for	for	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	living	living	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	nmod	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
17	sleeping	sleep	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	15	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a studio or studio flat | a small home |  |  |  | with one main room for living | tree rules |
| 2 | **sleep** | gerund | a studio or studio flat *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn snooze-40.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A film company can be called a studio.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:studio:m4:1
# text = A film company can be called a studio.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	film	film	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	company	company	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
5	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	aux:pass	_	_
6	called	call	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	studio	studio	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **call** | can · passive |  | a film company |  |  |  |  | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The artist paints in a bright studio.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:studio:x1:1
# text = The artist paints in a bright studio.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	artist	artist	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	paints	paint	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	bright	bright	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	studio	studio	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **paint** | present | the artist |  |  | a bright studio |  |  | vn image\_impression-25.1 «NP V NP.theme PP.destination»: agent=Agent in studio=Destination |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We visited a TV studio on our school trip.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:studio:x2:1
# text = We visited a TV studio on our school trip.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	visited	visit	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	TV	TV	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	studio	studio	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	on	on	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
8	school	school	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	trip	trip	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **visit** | past | We | a TV studio |  | our school trip |  |  | vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent studio=Co-Agent |
| 2 | **trip** |  | our |  |  |  |  |  | nom trip «act transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The band recorded their song in a studio.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:studio:x3:1
# text = The band recorded their song in a studio.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	band	band	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	recorded	record	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	song	song	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	studio	studio	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **record** | past | the band | their song |  | a studio |  |  | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent song=Theme in studio=Destination |
| 2 | **sing** |  | their *= they* |  |  |  |  |  | nom song «communication intransitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
My dance class is at the studio on Main Street.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:studio:x4:1
# text = My dance class is at the studio on Main Street.
1	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
2	dance	dance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	class	class	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
5	at	at	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	studio	studio	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
8	on	on	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	Main	Main	ADJ	NNP	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	Street	Street	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | My dance class |  |  | the studio |  | on Main Street | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
My aunt lives in a small studio flat.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:studio:x5:1
# text = My aunt lives in a small studio flat.
1	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	aunt	aunt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	lives	live	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	studio	studio	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
8	flat	flat	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **live** | present | My aunt |  |  | a small studio |  | flat *property* | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in studio=Location |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Big film studios make cartoons for children.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:studio:x6:1
# text = Big film studios make cartoons for children.
1	Big	big	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
2	film	film	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	studios	studio	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
4	make	make	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	cartoons	cartoon	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present | Big film studios | cartoons |  |  |  | for children | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent cartoon=Product for child=Beneficiary |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The photo studio took our class picture.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:studio:x7:1
# text = The photo studio took our class picture.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	photo	photo	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	studio	studio	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	took	take	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
6	class	class	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	picture	picture	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take** | past | the photo studio | our class picture |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent picture=Theme |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A new era seemed to have arisen in the poor studio.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:studio:x8:1
# text = A new era seemed to have arisen in the poor studio.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	era	era	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	seemed	seem	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
6	have	have	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	aux	_	_
7	arisen	arise	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	4	xcomp	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	poor	poor	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	studio	studio	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **seem** | past | a new era |  |  |  |  |  | vn seem-109-1-1-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Theme clause=Attribute |
| 2 | **arise** | to-infinitive · perfect | a new era *not said here* |  |  | the poor studio |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in studio=Location |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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