---
title: sty — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «sty» in the school dictionary: A sty, or pigsty, is a pen or small building where pigs are kept. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# sty

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** sty, pigs, Mum, bedroom, I, farmer · **What happens:** be, keep, spell, cause, roll, say · **To what, where:** pen, pigs, dirty place, small red sore lump, edge, mud · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«sty» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [sty in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/sty.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A sty, or pigsty, is a pen or small building where pigs are kept.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sty:m1:1
# text = A sty, or pigsty, is a pen or small building where pigs are kept.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	sty	sty	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
4	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	pigsty	pigsty	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
7	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	pen	pen	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
10	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
11	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	building	building	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	conj	_	_
13	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	16	advmod	_	_
14	pigs	pig	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	nsubj:pass	_	_
15	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	16	aux:pass	_	_
16	kept	keep	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	12	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a sty or pigsty | a pen or small building |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **keep** | present · passive |  | pigs |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: informal — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A sty is a very dirty or messy place, like a messy bedroom.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sty:m2:1
# text = A sty is a very dirty or messy place, like a messy bedroom.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	sty	sty	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
5	very	very	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	dirty	dirty	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
7	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	messy	messy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	conj	_	_
9	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
11	like	like	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	messy	messy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	bedroom	bedroom	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a sty | a dirty place and a messy bedroom |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A sty (also spelled stye) is a small, red, sore lump on the edge of the eyelid, caused by an infection.

<!-- fold The tree, 21 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sty:m3:1
# text = A sty (also spelled stye) is a small, red, sore lump on the edge of the eyelid, caused by an infection.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	sty	sty	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nsubj	_	_
3	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	also	also	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	spelled	spell	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	amod	_	_
6	stye	stye	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	6	punct	_	_
8	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	15	cop	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
10	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
12	red	red	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
14	sore	sore	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	lump	lump	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
16	on	on	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	edge	edge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nmod	_	_
19	of	of	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	eyelid	eyelid	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
23	caused	cause	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	15	conj	_	_
24	by	by	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
25	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
26	infection	infection	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	15	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **spell** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn pronounce-29.3.1 «NP V NP ADVP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is a** | present | a sty | a small red sore lump |  | the edge of the eyelid |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **cause** | participle | a sty *not said here* |  |  |  |  | by a infection | vn result-27.2 «NP V PP»: agent=Precondition |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The pigs rolled in the mud in their sty.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sty:x1:1
# text = The pigs rolled in the mud in their sty.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	pigs	pig	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	rolled	roll	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	mud	mud	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
9	sty	sty	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **roll** | past | the pigs |  |  | the mud |  | in pigs's sty | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V PP.source PP.trajectory PP.destination»: agent=Theme in mud=Source in sty=Trajectory |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Mum said my bedroom looked like a pigsty.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sty:x2:1
# text = Mum said my bedroom looked like a pigsty.
1	Mum	mum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	bedroom	bedroom	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	looked	look	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	ccomp	_	_
6	like	like	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	pigsty	pigsty	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Mum |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **look** | past | my bedroom |  |  |  |  | like a pigsty | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
I had a sore stye on my eyelid.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sty:x3:1
# text = I had a sore stye on my eyelid.
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	sore	sore	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	stye	stye	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	on	on	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	eyelid	eyelid	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | I | a sore stye |  | my eyelid |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent stye=Patient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The farmer cleaned out the sty every morning.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sty:x4:1
# text = The farmer cleaned out the sty every morning.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	farmer	farmer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	cleaned	clean	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	out	out	ADP	RP	_	3	compound:prt	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	sty	sty	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl:unmarked	_	_
7	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	8	det	_	_
8	morning	morning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **clean out** | past | the farmer | the sty |  |  | morning |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A warm cloth can help a stye get better.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sty:x5:1
# text = A warm cloth can help a stye get better.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	warm	warm	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	cloth	cloth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
4	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
5	help	help	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	stye	stye	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
8	get	get	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	ccomp	_	_
9	better	good	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	8	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **help** | can | a warm cloth |  |  |  |  |  | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 2 | **get** | present | a stye |  |  |  |  | good *property* | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Don't rub a stye or squeeze it.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sty:x6:1
# text = Don't rub a stye or squeeze it.
1	Do	do	AUX	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	3	advmod	_	_
3	rub	rub	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	stye	stye	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	squeeze	squeeze	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
8	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **rub** | imperative · do-support | you *not said here* | a stye |  |  |  |  | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent stye=Theme |
| 2 | **squeeze** | present | you *not said here* | stye |  |  |  |  | vn push-12-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The three little pigs never lived in a sty.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sty:x7:1
# text = The three little pigs never lived in a sty.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
2	three	three	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	4	nummod	_	_
3	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	pigs	pig	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
5	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	6	advmod	_	_
6	lived	live	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	sty	sty	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **live** | past | the three little pigs |  |  | a sty |  |  | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in sty=Location |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
But the prince had gone to sleep long before in the pig-sty.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sty:x8:1
# text = But the prince had gone to sleep long before in the pig-sty.
1	But	but	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	prince	prince	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
4	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
5	gone	go	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	sleep	sleep	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	advcl	_	_
8	long	long	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	9	advmod	_	_
9	before	before	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
10	in	in	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
12	pig	pig	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	sty	sty	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **go** | past · perfect | the prince |  |  |  |  |  | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **sleep** | to-infinitive | the prince *not said here* |  |  | the pig sty |  | before *property* | vn fit-54.3 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent in sty=Location |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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