---
title: sub — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «sub» in the school dictionary: A sub is a substitute, a player who comes on to replace another in a match. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# sub

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** sub, player, Sub prefix, Latin word, sub anno, coach · **What happens:** be, come on, replace, supply, pay, sub · **To what, where:** substitute, another, match, submarine, long sandwich, substitute teacher · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«sub» in the school dictionary: its 8 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [sub in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/sub.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: informal — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A sub is a substitute, a player who comes on to replace another in a match.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sub:m1:1
# text = A sub is a substitute, a player who comes on to replace another in a match.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	sub	sub	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	substitute	substitute	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	player	player	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	appos	_	_
9	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	10	nsubj	_	_
10	comes	come	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	acl:relcl	_	_
11	on	on	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
12	to	to	PART	TO	_	13	mark	_	_
13	replace	replace	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	advcl	_	_
14	another	another	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	13	obj	_	_
15	in	in	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	match	match	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a sub | a substitute |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **come on** | present | a player |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **replace** | to-infinitive | a player *not said here* | another |  | a match |  |  | vn substitute-13.6.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme another=Co-Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: informal — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A sub is a submarine.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sub:m2:1
# text = A sub is a submarine.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	sub	sub	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	submarine	submarine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a sub | a submarine |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: US — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A sub is a long sandwich, a submarine sandwich.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sub:m3:1
# text = A sub is a long sandwich, a submarine sandwich.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	sub	sub	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	sandwich	sandwich	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	submarine	submarine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	_
10	sandwich	sandwich	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a sub | a long sandwich and a submarine sandwich |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: informal — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A sub is a substitute teacher (US, Canada) or supply teacher.

<!-- fold The tree, 11 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sub:m4:1
# text = A sub is a substitute teacher (US, Canada) or supply teacher.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	sub	sub	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	substitute	substitute	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	teacher	teacher	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	US	US	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
10	Canada	Canada	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	8	punct	_	_
12	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	supply	supply	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	conj	_	_
14	teacher	teacher	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a sub | a substitute teacher |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **supply** | infinitive | a sub *not said here* |  | teacher |  |  |  | vn fulfilling-13.4.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent teacher=Recipient |

## Meaning 5 {#m5}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: informal — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A sub is a subscription, money paid to a club.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sub:m5:1
# text = A sub is a subscription, money paid to a club.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	sub	sub	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	subscription	subscription	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
7	money	money	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
8	paid	pay	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	acl	_	_
9	to	to	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	club	club	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a sub | a subscription and money |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **pay** | participle |  | money *not said here* |  |  |  | to a club | vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

## Meaning 6 {#m6}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: informal, UK — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To sub someone is to lend them a little money.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sub:m6:1
# text = To sub someone is to lend them a little money.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	sub	sub	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	advcl	_	_
3	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	2	obj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	lend	lend	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	obj	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	money	money	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sub** | to-infinitive |  | someone |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | lend *property* | tree rules |

## Meaning 7 {#m7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Sub- is a prefix meaning under or below: submarine, subway, subtract.

<!-- fold The tree, 11 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sub:m7:1
# text = Sub- is a prefix meaning under or below: submarine, subway, subtract.
1	Sub	sub	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	-	-	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	prefix	prefix	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	meaning	mean	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	acl	_	_
7	under	under	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	below	below	ADV	RB	_	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	11	punct	_	_
11	submarine	submarine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
13	subway	subway	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
15	subtract	subtract	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	11	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present |  | a Sub prefix and submarine |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **mean** | gerund | a Sub prefix and submarine *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **subtract** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn multiply-108-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

## Meaning 8 {#m8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In old books, sub is a Latin word meaning under, as in sub anno, which means under that year.

<!-- fold The tree, 19 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sub:m8:1
# text = In old books, sub is a Latin word meaning under, as in sub anno, which means under that year.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	books	book	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	sub	sub	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	Latin	Latin	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	word	word	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
10	meaning	mean	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	9	acl	_	_
11	under	under	ADP	IN	_	10	fixed	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
13	as	as	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
14	in	in	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	sub	sub	ADV	AFX	_	16	compound	_	_
16	anno	anno	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
18	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	19	nsubj	_	_
19	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	16	parataxis	_	_
20	under	under	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	that	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	22	det	_	_
22	year	year	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | sub | a Latin word |  | old books |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **mean** | gerund | a Latin word *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **mean** | present | sub anno |  |  |  | year |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The coach brought on a sub in the second half.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sub:x1:1
# text = The coach brought on a sub in the second half.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	coach	coach	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	brought	bring	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	on	on	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	sub	sub	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	second	second	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	10	amod	_	_
10	half	half	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing|NumForm=Word|NumType=Frac	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **bring** | past | the coach |  |  | a sub |  | in the second half | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent on sub=Destination |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We had a sub today because Mr Brown was ill.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sub:x2:1
# text = We had a sub today because Mr Brown was ill.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	sub	sub	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	today	today	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl:unmarked	_	_
6	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	10	mark	_	_
7	Mr	Mr	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
8	Brown	Brown	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	flat	_	_
9	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
10	ill	ill	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | We | a sub |  |  | today |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sub=Patient |
| 2 | **is** | past | Mr |  |  |  |  | ill *property* | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
I'd like a turkey sub, please.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sub:x3:1
# text = I'd like a turkey sub, please.
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	'd	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	like	like	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	turkey	turkey	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	sub	sub	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
8	please	please	INTJ	UH	_	3	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **like** | would | I | a turkey sub |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot sub=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The sub dived under the waves.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sub:x4:1
# text = The sub dived under the waves.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	sub	sub	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	dived	dive	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	under	under	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	waves	wave	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **dive** | past | the sub |  |  | the waves |  |  | vn search-35.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent under wave=Location |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
(UK, informal) Can you sub me a quid till Friday?

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sub:x5:1
# text = (UK, informal) Can you sub me a quid till Friday?
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	UK	UK	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
4	informal	informal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	4	punct	_	_
6	Can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	_
7	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
8	sub	sub	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
9	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	8	obj	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	quid	quid	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
12	till	till	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	Friday	Friday	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sub** | can | you | UK |  |  | friday |  | tree rules |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Have you paid your subs for football club?

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sub:x6:1
# text = Have you paid your subs for football club?
1	Have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
2	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	paid	pay	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	subs	sub	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	football	football	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	club	club	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pay** | present · perfect · passive |  | you |  |  |  | for football club | vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP NP PP.theme»: subject=Recipient sub=Asset for club=Theme |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«Subtract» means take away.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sub:x7:1
# text = «Subtract» means take away.
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Subtract	subtract	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	4	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
4	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	take	take	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	ccomp	_	_
6	away	away	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **subtract** *in a quote* | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn multiply-108-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **take away** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | away *property* | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Matthew Paris tells the story, sub anno (it is an addition of his to Ralph Disset), Hist.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sub:x8:1
# text = Matthew Paris tells the story, sub anno (it is an addition of his to Ralph Disset), Hist.
1	Matthew	Matthew	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	Paris	Paris	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	1	flat	_	_
3	tells	tell	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	story	story	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
7	sub	sub	ADV	AFX	_	3	ccomp	_	_
8	anno	anno	X	NN	_	7	goeswith	_	_
9	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	_
11	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	cop	_	_
12	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	addition	addition	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
15	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	17	nmod:poss	_	_
16	to	to	PART	TO	_	17	mark	_	_
17	Ralph	Ralph	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	nmod	_	_
18	Disset	Disset	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	17	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	18	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
21	Hist	Hist	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	17	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **tell** *speech: assert* | present | Matthew | the story |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent story=Recipient |
| 2 | **is a** | present | story | a addition |  |  |  | of Matthew's Ralph and Hist | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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