---
title: subheading — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «subheading» in the school dictionary: A subheading is a smaller heading under the main heading of a text, telling you what one section is about. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/S/subheading/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [dictionaries](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/) / [school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/) / [S](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/S/) / subheading

# subheading

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** subheading, one section, you, your, animal, leaflet · **What happens:** be, tell, head, add, report, eat · **To what, where:** smaller heading, main heading, you, text, subheadings, answer · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«subheading» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [subheading in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/subheading.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A subheading is a smaller heading under the main heading of a text, telling you what one section is about.

<!-- fold The tree, 20 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:subheading:m1:1
# text = A subheading is a smaller heading under the main heading of a text, telling you what one section is about.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	subheading	subheading	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	smaller	small	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	6	amod	_	_
6	heading	heading	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	under	under	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	main	main	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	heading	heading	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	text	text	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
15	telling	tell	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	6	parataxis	_	_
16	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	15	iobj	_	_
17	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	15	obj	_	_
18	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	19	nummod	_	_
19	section	section	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	nsubj	_	_
20	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	21	cop	_	_
21	about	about	ADV	RB	_	17	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a subheading | a smaller heading |  | the main heading of a text |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **tell** *speech: assert* | gerund |  | a smaller heading | you |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent you=Recipient what=Topic |
| 3 | **is** | present | one section |  |  |  |  | about *property* | tree rules |
| 4 | **head** |  |  | a text |  |  |  |  | nom heading «communication transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Add subheadings to your report on penguins.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:subheading:x1:1
# text = Add subheadings to your report on penguins.
1	Add	add	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	subheadings	subheading	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obj	_	_
3	to	to	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	report	report	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
6	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	penguins	penguin	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **add** *speech: assert* | imperative | you *not said here* | subheadings |  |  |  | to your report; on penguins | vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V NP PP.co-patient»: agent=Agent subheading=Patient to report=Co-Patient |
| 2 | **report** |  | your |  |  |  |  |  | nom report «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The subheading «Diet» tells you what the animal eats.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:subheading:x2:1
# text = The subheading «Diet» tells you what the animal eats.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	subheading	subheading	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	Diet	diet	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	4	punct	_	_
6	tells	tell	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	6	iobj	_	_
8	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	11	obj	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	animal	animal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	_
11	eats	eat	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **tell** *speech: assert* | present | the subheading |  | you |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP what S»: agent=Agent you=Recipient clause=Topic |
| 2 | **eat** | present | the animal |  |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Patient |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Use the subheadings to find the answer quickly.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:subheading:x3:1
# text = Use the subheadings to find the answer quickly.
1	Use	use	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	subheadings	subheading	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obj	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	find	find	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	1	advcl	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	answer	answer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
8	quickly	quickly	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use** | imperative | you *not said here* | the subheadings |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subheading=Patient |
| 2 | **find** | to-infinitive | you *not said here* | the answer |  |  |  | quickly *property* | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent answer=Topic |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Our leaflet had a title and four subheadings.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:subheading:x4:1
# text = Our leaflet had a title and four subheadings.
1	Our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	leaflet	leaflet	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	title	title	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
7	four	four	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	8	nummod	_	_
8	subheadings	subheading	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | Our leaflet | a title and four subheadings |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent title=Patient |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Each subheading starts a new section.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:subheading:x5:1
# text = Each subheading starts a new section.
1	Each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	2	det	_	_
2	subheading	subheading	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	starts	start	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	section	section	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **start** | present | each subheading | a new section |  |  |  |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent section=Eventuality |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Subheadings are usually in bold.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:subheading:x6:1
# text = Subheadings are usually in bold.
1	Subheadings	subheading	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	usually	usually	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	bold	bold	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Subheadings |  |  | bold |  | usually *property* | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [subdued](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/S/subdued/)
- next →: [subject](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/S/subject/)
- ↑ back to [S in school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/S/)