---
title: subjective — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «subjective» in the school dictionary: Subjective means based on someone's own feelings, tastes or opinions rather than on facts that everyone can check. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# subjective

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Subjective, everyone, subjective case, song, pizza, pasta · **What happens:** mean, base, check, be, use, love · **To what, where:** own feelings, facts, form, pronoun, best subjective, bit subjective · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«subjective» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [subjective in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/subjective.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Subjective means based on someone's own feelings, tastes or opinions rather than on facts that everyone can check.

<!-- fold The tree, 19 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:subjective:m1:1
# text = Subjective means based on someone's own feelings, tastes or opinions rather than on facts that everyone can check.
1	Subjective	subjective	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	based	base	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	ccomp	_	_
4	on	on	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
5	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	8	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	's	's	PART	POS	_	5	case	_	_
7	own	own	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	feelings	feeling	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
10	tastes	taste	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	conj	_	_
11	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	opinions	opinion	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	conj	_	_
13	rather	rather	ADV	RB	ExtPos=CCONJ	16	cc	_	_
14	than	than	ADP	IN	_	13	fixed	_	_
15	on	on	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	facts	fact	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	conj	_	_
17	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	20	obj	_	_
18	everyone	everyone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Tot	20	nsubj	_	_
19	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	20	aux	_	_
20	check	check	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	16	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | Subjective |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **base** | participle |  |  |  | someone's own feelings and tastes or opinions rather facts |  |  | vn base-97.1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent on feeling=Source |
| 3 | **check** | can | everyone | facts |  |  |  |  | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent that=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
"Which song is best is subjective."

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:subjective:m1e:1
# text = "Which song is best is subjective."
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Which	which	DET	WDT	PronType=Int	3	det	_	_
3	song	song	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
5	best	good	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	7	amod	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
7	subjective	subjective	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** *in a quote* | present | which song | best subjective |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: grammar — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The subjective case is the form of a pronoun used as the subject of a sentence.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:subjective:m2:1
# text = The subjective case is the form of a pronoun used as the subject of a sentence.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	subjective	subjective	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	case	case	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	form	form	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	pronoun	pronoun	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
10	used	use	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	9	acl	_	_
11	as	as	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	subject	subject	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	sentence	sentence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the subjective case | the form |  |  |  | of a pronoun | tree rules |
| 2 | **use** | participle |  | a pronoun *not said here* |  |  |  | as the subject of a sentence | vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
I, he, she, we, they (not me, him, her, us, them).

<!-- fold The tree, 11 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:subjective:m2e:1
# text = I, he, she, we, they (not me, him, her, us, them).
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
3	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	16	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
7	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
9	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	nsubj	_	_
10	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	12	advmod	_	_
12	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	7	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
14	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
16	her	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
18	us	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	16	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
20	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	16	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	20	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	16	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Whether pizza is better than pasta is subjective.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:subjective:x1:1
# text = Whether pizza is better than pasta is subjective.
1	Whether	whether	SCONJ	IN	_	4	mark	_	_
2	pizza	pizza	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	better	good	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	0	root	_	_
5	than	than	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
6	pasta	pasta	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
7	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
8	subjective	subjective	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | pizza |  |  |  |  | good *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **is** | present | pasta |  |  |  |  | subjective *property* | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Art marks can be a bit subjective.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:subjective:x2:1
# text = Art marks can be a bit subjective.
1	Art	art	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	marks	mark	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nsubj	_	_
3	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
4	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	cop	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	bit	bit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	subjective	subjective	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | can | Art marks | a bit subjective |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
"This film is boring" is a subjective statement.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:subjective:x3:1
# text = "This film is boring" is a subjective statement.
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	This	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	3	det	_	_
3	film	film	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
5	boring	boring	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	5	punct	_	_
7	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	subjective	subjective	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	statement	statement	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** *in a quote* | present | this film |  |  |  |  | boring *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **is a** | present | boring | a subjective statement |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Scientists use rulers instead of subjective guesses.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:subjective:x4:1
# text = Scientists use rulers instead of subjective guesses.
1	Scientists	scientist	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	use	use	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	rulers	ruler	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
4	instead	instead	ADV	RB	ExtPos=ADP	7	case	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	fixed	_	_
6	subjective	subjective	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	guesses	guess	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use** | present | Scientists | rulers |  |  |  | instead subjective guesses | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ruler=Patient |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Taste is subjective: my sister loves olives, I hate them.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:subjective:x5:1
# text = Taste is subjective: my sister loves olives, I hate them.
1	Taste	taste	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	subjective	subjective	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	7	punct	_	_
5	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	sister	sister	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
7	loves	love	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	parataxis	_	_
8	olives	olive	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
10	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
11	hate	hate	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	conj	_	_
12	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Taste |  |  |  |  | subjective *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **love** | present | my sister | olives |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer olive=Stimulus |
| 3 | **hate** | present | I | olives *= olive* |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer they=Stimulus |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
His report was subjective, full of his own feelings.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:subjective:x6:1
# text = His report was subjective, full of his own feelings.
1	His	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	report	report	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	subjective	subjective	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
6	full	full	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	conj	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
9	own	own	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	feelings	feeling	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | His report |  |  |  |  | subjective *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **be** |  | His report *not said here* |  |  |  |  | of his own feelings | tree rules |
| 3 | **report** |  | His *= he* |  |  |  |  |  | nom report «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Is beauty subjective or objective? We debated it in class.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Is beauty subjective or objective?

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:subjective:x7:1
# text = Is beauty subjective or objective?
1	Is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
2	beauty	beauty	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl:unmarked	_	_
3	subjective	subjective	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
4	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	objective	objective	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | beauty *obl:unmarked*; subjective *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **be** |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* We debated it in class.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:subjective:x7:2
# text = We debated it in class.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	debated	debate	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
3	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	obj	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	class	class	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **debate** | participle | We | beauty |  | class |  |  | vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Co-Agent |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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