---
title: substantially — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «substantially» in the school dictionary: Substantially means by a large amount, a lot: prices rose substantially. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# substantially

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** prices, two stories, new bridge, class, reading, Her · **What happens:** mean, rise, be, raise, change, improve · **To what, where:** more money, plan, English sound, it

<!-- .vabout -->
«substantially» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [substantially in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/substantially.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: formal — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Substantially means by a large amount, a lot: prices rose substantially.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:substantially:m1:1
# text = Substantially means by a large amount, a lot: prices rose substantially.
1	Substantially	substantially	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	by	by	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	large	large	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	amount	amount	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	lot	lot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	12	punct	_	_
11	prices	price	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	nsubj	_	_
12	rose	rise	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
13	substantially	substantially	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  | by a large amount  a lot; substantially *property* | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **rise** | past | prices |  |  |  |  | substantially *property* | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: formal — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Substantially can mean mainly or in most ways: the two stories are substantially the same.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:substantially:m2:1
# text = Substantially can mean mainly or in most ways: the two stories are substantially the same.
1	Substantially	substantially	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
2	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	mean	mean	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	mainly	mainly	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
5	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	most	most	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	8	amod	_	_
8	ways	way	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	16	punct	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	12	nummod	_	_
12	stories	story	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	nsubj	_	_
13	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	16	cop	_	_
14	substantially	substantially	ADV	RB	_	16	advmod	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	same	same	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | can |  |  |  |  |  | mainly, substantially *property* | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is** | present | the two stories |  |  |  |  | same, substantially *property* | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The new bridge is substantially longer than the old one.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:substantially:x1:1
# text = The new bridge is substantially longer than the old one.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	bridge	bridge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
5	substantially	substantially	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	longer	long	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	10	advmod	_	_
7	than	than	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	one	one	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | the new bridge |  |  |  |  | than the old one; long *property* | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Our class raised substantially more money this year.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:substantially:x2:1
# text = Our class raised substantially more money this year.
1	Our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	class	class	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	raised	raise	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	substantially	substantially	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
5	more	more	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	6	amod	_	_
6	money	money	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
7	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	8	det	_	_
8	year	year	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **raise** | past | Our class | more money |  |  | year | substantially *property* | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent money=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Prices have risen substantially.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:substantially:x3:1
# text = Prices have risen substantially.
1	Prices	price	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
2	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	risen	rise	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
4	substantially	substantially	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **rise** | present · perfect | Prices |  |  |  |  | substantially *property* | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The plan was substantially changed after the meeting.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:substantially:x4:1
# text = The plan was substantially changed after the meeting.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	plan	plan	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
4	substantially	substantially	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	changed	change	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	after	after	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	meeting	meeting	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **change** | past · passive |  | the plan |  |  | after the meeting | substantially *property* | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Her reading has improved substantially.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:substantially:x5:1
# text = Her reading has improved substantially.
1	Her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	reading	reading	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	improved	improve	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	substantially	substantially	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **improve** | present · perfect | Her reading |  |  |  |  | substantially *property* | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **read** |  | Her *= she* |  |  |  |  |  | nom reading «cognition transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The two pictures are substantially the same, with only small differences.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:substantially:x6:1
# text = The two pictures are substantially the same, with only small differences.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	3	nummod	_	_
3	pictures	picture	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nsubj	_	_
4	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
5	substantially	substantially	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	same	same	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
9	with	with	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
10	only	only	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
11	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	differences	difference	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | the two pictures |  |  |  |  | same, substantially *property* | tree rules |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In it the letters have substantially their English sound.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:substantially:x7:1
# text = In it the letters have substantially their English sound.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	obl	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	letters	letter	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
5	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	substantially	substantially	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
7	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
8	English	English	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	sound	sound	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | the letters | letters's English sound |  | it |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sound=Patient |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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