---
title: sudden — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «sudden» in the school dictionary: Sudden means happening quickly and without warning. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# sudden

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Sudden, sudden flash, lightning, All, car, you · **What happens:** mean, happen, be, flash, go out, come · **To what, where:** sudden stop, sudden storm, us, sudden movements, sudden pain, side

<!-- .vabout -->
«sudden» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [sudden in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/sudden.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Sudden means happening quickly and without warning.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sudden:m1:1
# text = Sudden means happening quickly and without warning.
1	Sudden	sudden	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	nsubj	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	happening	happen	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	xcomp	_	_
4	quickly	quickly	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
6	without	without	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	warning	warning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | Sudden |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **happen** *not said to happen* | gerund | Sudden *not said here* |  |  |  |  | quickly *property* | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
There was a sudden flash of lightning.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sudden:x1:1
# text = There was a sudden flash of lightning.
1	There	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	2	expl	_	_
2	was	be	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	sudden	sudden	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	flash	flash	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	lightning	lightning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **be** | past | a sudden flash of lightning |  |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **flash** |  | lightning |  |  |  |  |  | nom flash «event intransitive»: of=agent |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
All of a sudden, the lights went out.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sudden:x2:1
# text = All of a sudden, the lights went out.
1	All	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	8	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	sudden	sudden	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	1	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	lights	light	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nsubj	_	_
8	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	out	out	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **go out** | past | All |  |  |  |  | out *property* | vn interact-36.6 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The car came to a sudden stop.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sudden:x3:1
# text = The car came to a sudden stop.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	car	car	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	sudden	sudden	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	stop	stop	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | past | the car |  |  | a sudden stop |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to stop=Initial\_Location |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A sudden storm forced us indoors.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sudden:x4:1
# text = A sudden storm forced us indoors.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	sudden	sudden	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	storm	storm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	forced	force	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	acl	_	_
5	us	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	4	obj	_	_
6	indoors	indoors	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **force** | participle |  | a sudden storm *not said here* | us |  |  | indoors *property* | vn urge-58.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent we=Recipient |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Don't make sudden movements near a strange dog.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sudden:x5:1
# text = Don't make sudden movements near a strange dog.
1	Do	do	AUX	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	3	advmod	_	_
3	make	make	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	sudden	sudden	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	movements	movement	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	near	near	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	strange	strange	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	dog	dog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **make** | imperative · do-support | you *not said here* | sudden movements |  |  |  | near a strange dog | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset movement=Product |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She felt a sudden pain in her side.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sudden:x6:1
# text = She felt a sudden pain in her side.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	felt	feel	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	sudden	sudden	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	pain	pain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	side	side	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **feel** | past | She | a sudden pain |  | her side |  |  | vn hunt-35.1 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent pain=Theme in side=Location |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
All of a sudden a cock crew.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sudden:x7:1
# text = All of a sudden a cock crew.
1	All	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	0	root	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
4	sudden	sudden	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	cock	cock	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	crew	crew	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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