---
title: sumatran — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «sumatran» in the school dictionary: Sumatran means from or to do with Sumatra, a large island of Indonesia in South-East Asia. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# sumatran

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Sumatran, rare animals, Sumatran tiger, Sumatran orangutans, We, our · **What happens:** mean, do, be, use, live, name · **To what, where:** person, Sumatra, It, names, rare animals, smallest tiger · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«sumatran» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [sumatran in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/sumatran.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Sumatran means from or to do with Sumatra, a large island of Indonesia in South-East Asia.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sumatran:m1:1
# text = Sumatran means from or to do with Sumatra, a large island of Indonesia in South-East Asia.
1	Sumatran	sumatran	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	from	from	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
4	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	do	do	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	ccomp	_	_
7	with	with	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	Sumatra	Sumatra	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	large	large	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	island	island	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	appos	_	_
13	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	Indonesia	Indonesia	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	nmod	_	_
15	in	in	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
16	South	South	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	18	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	16	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	East	East	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	19	compound	_	_
19	Asia	Asia	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | Sumatran |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **do** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | with Sumatra | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A Sumatran is a person from Sumatra.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sumatran:m2:1
# text = A Sumatran is a person from Sumatra.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Sumatran	sumatran	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	from	from	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	Sumatra	Sumatra	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a Sumatran | a person |  | Sumatra |  |  | tree rules |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is used in the names of rare animals that live there: the Sumatran tiger, the Sumatran orangutan, the Sumatran rhinoceros and the Sumatran elephant.

<!-- fold The tree, 25 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sumatran:m3:1
# text = It is used in the names of rare animals that live there: the Sumatran tiger, the Sumatran orangutan, the Sumatran rhinoceros and the Sumatran elephant.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	used	use	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	names	name	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	rare	rare	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	animals	animal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nmod	_	_
10	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	11	nsubj	_	_
11	live	live	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	acl:relcl	_	_
12	there	there	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	11	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	16	punct	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
15	Sumatran	Sumatran	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	16	compound	_	_
16	tiger	tiger	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
19	Sumatran	sumatran	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	_
20	orangutan	orangutan	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
23	Sumatran	sumatran	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	24	amod	_	_
24	rhinoceros	rhinoceros	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	conj	_	_
25	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	28	cc	_	_
26	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
27	Sumatran	sumatran	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	28	amod	_	_
28	elephant	elephant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use** | present · passive |  | It |  | the names of rare animals |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |
| 2 | **live** | present | rare animals |  |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **name** |  |  | rare animals |  |  |  |  | nom name «communication transitive»: of=patient |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Sumatran tiger is the smallest tiger.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sumatran:x1:1
# text = The Sumatran tiger is the smallest tiger.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	Sumatran	Sumatran	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	tiger	tiger	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	smallest	small	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	7	amod	_	_
7	tiger	tiger	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the Sumatran tiger | the smallest tiger |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Sumatran orangutans live high in the trees.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sumatran:x2:1
# text = Sumatran orangutans live high in the trees.
1	Sumatran	sumatran	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	orangutans	orangutan	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	live	live	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	high	high	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	3	advmod	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	trees	tree	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **live** | present | Sumatran orangutans |  |  | the trees |  | high *property* | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in tree=Location |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Only a few Sumatran rhinos are left in the wild.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sumatran:x3:1
# text = Only a few Sumatran rhinos are left in the wild.
1	Only	only	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
3	few	few	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
4	Sumatran	sumatran	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	rhinos	rhino	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nsubj	_	_
6	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	aux:pass	_	_
7	left	leave	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	wild	wild	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **leave** | present · passive |  | a few Sumatran rhinos |  | the wild |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: subject=Theme in wild=Location |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Sumatran rainforest is being cut down for farms.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sumatran:x4:1
# text = The Sumatran rainforest is being cut down for farms.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	Sumatran	sumatran	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	rainforest	rainforest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux:pass	_	_
5	being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	6	aux:pass	_	_
6	cut	cut	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
7	down	down	ADP	RP	_	6	compound:prt	_	_
8	for	for	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	farms	farm	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cut down** | present · passive |  | the Sumatran rainforest |  |  |  | for farms | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP P.asset»: subject=Product for farm=Asset |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We adopted a Sumatran tiger at the zoo for our class project.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sumatran:x5:1
# text = We adopted a Sumatran tiger at the zoo for our class project.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	adopted	adopt	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	Sumatran	sumatran	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	tiger	tiger	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	at	at	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	zoo	zoo	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
9	for	for	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
10	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	12	nmod:poss	_	_
11	class	class	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	compound	_	_
12	project	project	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **adopt** | past | We | a Sumatran tiger |  | the zoo |  | for our class project | vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tiger=Theme |
| 2 | **project** |  | our |  |  |  |  |  | nom project «act transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Sumatran coffee is sold all over the world.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sumatran:x6:1
# text = Sumatran coffee is sold all over the world.
1	Sumatran	sumatran	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	coffee	coffee	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	sold	sell	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	all	all	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
6	over	over	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	world	world	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sell** | present · passive |  | Sumatran coffee |  | the world |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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