---
title: sun — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «sun» in the school dictionary: The star that our Earth goes around; it gives us light and heat. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# sun

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** star, light, you, 's, sun, Earth · **What happens:** go around, give, come, lie, get, let · **To what, where:** that, light, us, sun., sunshine, 's

<!-- .vabout -->
«sun» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [sun in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/sun.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The star that our Earth goes around; it gives us light and heat.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sun:m1:1
# text = The star that our Earth goes around; it gives us light and heat.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	star	star	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	6	obj	_	_
4	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	Earth	Earth	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
6	goes	go	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	around	around	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
9	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
10	gives	give	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
11	us	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	10	iobj	_	_
12	light	light	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
14	heat	heat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **go around** | present | the star | that |  |  |  | around *property* | vn meander-47.7 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location that=Theme |
| 2 | **give** | present | star | light and heat | us |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent we=Recipient light=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The light and warmth that come from the sun.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sun:m2:1
# text = The light and warmth that come from the sun.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	light	light	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	warmth	warmth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
5	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	6	nsubj	_	_
6	come	come	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	acl:relcl	_	_
7	from	from	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	sun.	sun.	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | present | the light and warmth |  |  | the sun. |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme from sun.=Initial\_Location |

<!-- .note -->
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
"Let's sit in the sun."

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sun:m2e:1
# text = "Let's sit in the sun."
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Let	let	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	's	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	obj	_	_
4	sit	sit	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	xcomp	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	sun.	sun.	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **let** *in a quote* | imperative | you *not said here* | 's |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **sit** *in a quote* | infinitive | 's *not said here* |  |  | the sun. |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in sun.=Location |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Any star with planets around it (in science talk).

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sun:m3:1
# text = Any star with planets around it (in science talk).
1	Any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	2	det	_	_
2	star	star	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	with	with	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	planets	planet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nmod	_	_
5	around	around	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nmod	_	_
7	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	science	science	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	_
10	talk	talk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
As a verb, to lie in the sunshine to get warm.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sun:m4:1
# text = As a verb, to lie in the sunshine to get warm.
1	As	as	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	verb	verb	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	lie	lie	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	sunshine	sunshine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
10	to	to	PART	TO	_	11	mark	_	_
11	get	get	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	advcl	_	_
12	warm	warm	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lie** | to-infinitive |  |  |  | the sunshine |  | as a verb | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in sunshine=Location |
| 2 | **get** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | warm *property* | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The sun rises in the east.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sun:x1:1
# text = The sun rises in the east.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	sun	sun	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	rises	rise	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	east	east	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **rise** | present | the sun |  |  | the east |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in east=Location |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Earth goes around the sun once a year.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sun:x2:1
# text = The Earth goes around the sun once a year.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Earth	Earth	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	goes	go	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	around	around	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	sun	sun	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	once	once	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Mult	3	advmod	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	year	year	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **go** | present | the Earth |  |  | the sun |  | once *property* | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme around sun=Initial\_Location |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Plants need sun to grow.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sun:x3:1
# text = Plants need sun to grow.
1	Plants	plant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	need	need	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	sun	sun	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	grow	grow	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **need** | present | Plants | sun |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot sun=Theme |
| 2 | **grow** | to-infinitive | Plants *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Never look straight at the sun.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sun:x4:1
# text = Never look straight at the sun.
1	Never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	2	advmod	_	_
2	look	look	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	straight	straight	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
4	at	at	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	sun.	sun.	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **look** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  | at the sun.; straight *property* | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent at sun.=Theme |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Put on sunscreen before you play in the sun.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sun:x5:1
# text = Put on sunscreen before you play in the sun.
1	Put	put	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	on	on	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
3	sunscreen	sunscreen	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
4	before	before	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
5	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
6	play	play	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	advcl	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	sun.	sun.	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **put** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  | sunscreen |  |  | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V PP.destination NP»: agent=Agent on sunscreen=Destination |
| 2 | **play** | present | you |  |  | the sun. |  |  | vn performance-26.7-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The cat is lying in the sun.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sun:x6:1
# text = The cat is lying in the sun.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	cat	cat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	lying	lie	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	sun.	sun.	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lie** | present · progressive | the cat |  |  | the sun. |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in sun.=Location |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The sun is a star, not a planet.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sun:x7:1
# text = The sun is a star, not a planet.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	sun	sun	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	star	star	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
7	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	9	advmod	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	planet	planet	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the sun | a star and a planet |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The sun set and it got dark.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sun:x8:1
# text = The sun set and it got dark.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	sun	sun	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	set	set	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
5	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
6	got	get	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	dark	dark	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **get** | past | the sun set |  |  |  |  | dark *property* | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Then the Sun began to shine.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sun:x9:1
# text = Then the Sun began to shine.
1	Then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	4	advmod	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	Sun	Sun	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	began	begin	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	shine	shine	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **begin** | past | the Sun |  |  |  | then |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality |
| 2 | **shine** | to-infinitive | the Sun *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn light\_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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