---
title: sunflower — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «sunflower» in the school dictionary: A very tall plant with a large flower that has a brown centre and yellow petals. Its seeds can be eaten or made into oil. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# sunflower

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** large flower, sunflower, We, Birds, Van, head · **What happens:** have, eat, make, grow, measure, love · **To what, where:** brown centre, seeds, oil, sunflower, sunflower seeds, Sunflower oil

<!-- .vabout -->
«sunflower» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [sunflower in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/sunflower.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A very tall plant with a large flower that has a brown centre and yellow petals. Its seeds can be eaten or made into oil.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* A very tall plant with a large flower that has a brown centre and yellow petals.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sunflower:m1:1
# text = A very tall plant with a large flower that has a brown centre and yellow petals.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
2	very	very	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
3	tall	tall	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	plant	plant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	with	with	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	large	large	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	flower	flower	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
9	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	10	nsubj	_	_
10	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	acl:relcl	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	brown	brown	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	centre	centre	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
15	yellow	yellow	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	petals	petal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | a large flower | a brown centre and yellow petals |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent centre=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* Its seeds can be eaten or made into oil.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sunflower:m1:2
# text = Its seeds can be eaten or made into oil.
1	Its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	seeds	seed	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
4	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	eaten	eat	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	conj	_	_
8	into	into	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	oil	oil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **eat** | can · passive |  | flower's seeds |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |
| 2 | **make** | participle |  |  |  | oil |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP.material PP.product»: agent=Agent into oil=Product |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Our sunflower grew taller than my dad.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sunflower:x1:1
# text = Our sunflower grew taller than my dad.
1	Our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	sunflower	sunflower	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	grew	grow	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	taller	tall	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	3	xcomp	_	_
5	than	than	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	dad	dad	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **grow** | past | Our sunflower |  |  |  |  | tall *property* | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We measured the sunflower every week.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sunflower:x2:1
# text = We measured the sunflower every week.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	measured	measure	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	sunflower	sunflower	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	6	det	_	_
6	week	week	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **measure** | past | We | the sunflower |  |  | week |  | vn register-54.1-2-1 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme sunflower=Value |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Birds love sunflower seeds.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sunflower:x3:1
# text = Birds love sunflower seeds.
1	Birds	bird	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	love	love	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	sunflower	sunflower	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	seeds	seed	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **love** | present | Birds | sunflower seeds |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer seed=Stimulus |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Sunflower oil is used for cooking.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sunflower:x4:1
# text = Sunflower oil is used for cooking.
1	Sunflower	sunflower	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	oil	oil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	used	use	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	cooking	cooking	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use** | present · passive |  | Sunflower oil |  |  |  | for cooking | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP PP.predicate»: subject=Theme for cooking=Eventuality |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Van Gogh painted famous pictures of sunflowers.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sunflower:x5:1
# text = Van Gogh painted famous pictures of sunflowers.
1	Van	Van	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	Gogh	Gogh	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	1	flat	_	_
3	painted	paint	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	famous	famous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	pictures	picture	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	sunflowers	sunflower	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **paint** | past | Van | famous pictures of sunflowers |  |  |  |  | vn image\_impression-25.1 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent picture=Destination |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The sunflower's head is full of seeds.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sunflower:x6:1
# text = The sunflower's head is full of seeds.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	sunflower	sunflower	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	's	's	PART	POS	_	2	case	_	_
4	head	head	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
6	full	full	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	seeds	seed	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | the sunflower's head |  |  |  |  | of seeds; full *property* | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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