---
title: sunlight — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «sunlight» in the school dictionary: The light that comes from the Sun. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# sunlight

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** light, place, Plants, cat, you, Sunlight · **What happens:** come, fall, sit, need, grow, sleep · **To what, where:** sunlight, patch, medicine, direct sunlight, window, Earth · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«sunlight» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [sunlight in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/sunlight.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The light that comes from the Sun.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sunlight:m1:1
# text = The light that comes from the Sun.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	light	light	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	4	nsubj	_	_
4	comes	come	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	acl:relcl	_	_
5	from	from	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	Sun.	Sunday	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | present | the light |  |  |  | sunday |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A place or time where this light falls: sitting in the sunlight.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sunlight:m2:1
# text = A place or time where this light falls: sitting in the sunlight.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
5	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	8	advmod	_	_
6	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	7	det	_	_
7	light	light	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
8	falls	fall	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	10	punct	_	_
10	sitting	sit	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	acl	_	_
11	in	in	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	sunlight	sunlight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fall** | present | this light |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **sit** | gerund | a place or time *not said here* |  |  | the sunlight |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in sunlight=Location |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Plants need sunlight and water to grow.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sunlight:x1:1
# text = Plants need sunlight and water to grow.
1	Plants	plant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	need	need	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	sunlight	sunlight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	grow	grow	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **need** | present | Plants | sunlight and water |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot sunlight=Theme |
| 2 | **grow** | to-infinitive | Plants *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The cat is sleeping in a patch of sunlight.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sunlight:x2:1
# text = The cat is sleeping in a patch of sunlight.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	cat	cat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	sleeping	sleep	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	patch	patch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	sunlight	sunlight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sleep** | present · progressive | the cat |  |  | a patch of sunlight |  |  | vn fit-54.3 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent in patch=Location |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Keep the medicine out of direct sunlight.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sunlight:x3:1
# text = Keep the medicine out of direct sunlight.
1	Keep	keep	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	medicine	medicine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	out	out	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	direct	direct	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	sunlight	sunlight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **keep** | imperative | you *not said here* | the medicine |  | direct sunlight |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent medicine=Theme out sunlight=Location |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Sunlight came through the window in the morning.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sunlight:x4:1
# text = Sunlight came through the window in the morning.
1	Sunlight	sunlight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	through	through	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	window	window	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	morning	morning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | past | Sunlight |  |  | the window | morning |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme through window=Initial\_Location |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Never look straight at the Sun, even in bright sunlight.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sunlight:x5:1
# text = Never look straight at the Sun, even in bright sunlight.
1	Never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	2	advmod	_	_
2	look	look	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	straight	straight	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
4	at	at	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	Sun	Sun	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
8	even	even	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	bright	bright	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	sunlight	sunlight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **look** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  | in bright sunlight; at the Sun; straight *property* | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent at sun=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Sunlight takes about eight minutes to travel to Earth.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sunlight:x6:1
# text = Sunlight takes about eight minutes to travel to Earth.
1	Sunlight	sunlight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	takes	take	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	about	about	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	eight	eight	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	minutes	minute	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	travel	travel	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	advcl	_	_
8	to	to	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	Earth	Earth	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take** | present | Sunlight |  |  |  | minute |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **travel** | to-infinitive | Sunlight *not said here* |  | Earth |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme to earth=Destination |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A rainbow appears when sunlight shines through raindrops.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sunlight:x7:1
# text = A rainbow appears when sunlight shines through raindrops.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	rainbow	rainbow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	appears	appear	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	6	advmod	_	_
5	sunlight	sunlight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
6	shines	shine	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	advcl	_	_
7	through	through	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	raindrops	raindrop	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **appear** | present | a rainbow |  |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **shine** | present | sunlight |  |  | raindrops |  |  | vn light\_emission-43.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme through raindrop=Location |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Strong sunlight can burn your skin in summer.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sunlight:x8:1
# text = Strong sunlight can burn your skin in summer.
1	Strong	strong	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	sunlight	sunlight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	burn	burn	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	skin	skin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	summer	summer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **burn** | can | Strong sunlight | your skin |  |  | summer |  | vn light\_emission-43.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent skin=Theme |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
"Rejoice with us," said the air and the sunlight.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sunlight:x9:1
# text = "Rejoice with us," said the air and the sunlight.
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Rejoice	rejoice	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	ccomp	_	_
3	with	with	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	us	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
7	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	air	air	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	sunlight	sunlight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **rejoice** *in a quote* | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | with us | vn marvel-31.3 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | the air and the sunlight |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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