---
title: supernatural — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «supernatural» in the school dictionary: Seeming to come from beyond the natural world, not explained by science, like ghosts, magic or spirits. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# supernatural

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** story, hero, Scientists, you, old legend, noise · **What happens:** seem, come, not explain, be, have, fly · **To what, where:** natural world, supernatural powers, supernatural, wind, pipes, small gnome · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«supernatural» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [supernatural in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/supernatural.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Seeming to come from beyond the natural world, not explained by science, like ghosts, magic or spirits.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:supernatural:m1:1
# text = Seeming to come from beyond the natural world, not explained by science, like ghosts, magic or spirits.
1	Seeming	seem	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
2	to	to	PART	TO	_	3	mark	_	_
3	come	come	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	1	xcomp	_	_
4	from	from	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
5	beyond	beyond	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	natural	natural	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	world	world	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
10	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	11	advmod	_	_
11	explained	explain	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	acl	_	_
12	by	by	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	science	science	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
15	like	like	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	ghosts	ghost	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
18	magic	magic	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	conj	_	_
19	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
20	spirits	spirit	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **seem** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn seem-109-1-1-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Theme clause=Attribute |
| 2 | **come** | to-infinitive |  |  |  | the natural world |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme from world=Initial\_Location |
| 3 | **not** **explain** *speech: assert* | participle |  | the natural world *not said here* |  |  |  | by science | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: the supernatural — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
All things of this kind: ghosts, spells, monsters and spirits.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:supernatural:m2:1
# text = All things of this kind: ghosts, spells, monsters and spirits.
1	All	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	2	det	_	_
2	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	5	det	_	_
5	kind	kind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	7	punct	_	_
7	ghosts	ghost	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
9	spells	spell	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
11	monsters	monster	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	conj	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	spirits	spirit	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The story is about a house with supernatural visitors.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:supernatural:x1:1
# text = The story is about a house with supernatural visitors.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	story	story	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	about	about	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	house	house	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	with	with	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	supernatural	supernatural	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	visitors	visitor	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | the story |  |  |  |  | about a house; with supernatural visitors | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The hero had supernatural powers and could fly.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:supernatural:x2:1
# text = The hero had supernatural powers and could fly.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	hero	hero	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	supernatural	supernatural	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	powers	power	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
7	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	_
8	fly	fly	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | the hero | supernatural powers |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent power=Patient |
| 2 | **fly** | could | the hero *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Scientists look for natural causes, not supernatural ones.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:supernatural:x3:1
# text = Scientists look for natural causes, not supernatural ones.
1	Scientists	scientist	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	look	look	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	for	for	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	natural	natural	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	causes	cause	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
7	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	9	advmod	_	_
8	supernatural	supernatural	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	ones	one	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **look** | present | Scientists |  |  |  |  | for natural causes and supernatural ones | vn rummage-35.5 «NP V PP.location PP.theme»: agent=Agent for cause=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Do you believe in the supernatural?

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:supernatural:x4:1
# text = Do you believe in the supernatural?
1	Do	do	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
2	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	believe	believe	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	supernatural	supernatural	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **believe** | present · do-support | you |  |  | the supernatural |  |  | vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The old legend tells of a supernatural creature in the lake.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:supernatural:x5:1
# text = The old legend tells of a supernatural creature in the lake.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	legend	legend	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	tells	tell	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	supernatural	supernatural	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	creature	creature	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	lake	lake	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **tell** *speech: assert* | present | the old legend |  |  |  |  | of a supernatural creature in the lake | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The noise wasn't supernatural — it was just the wind in the pipes.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:supernatural:x6:1
# text = The noise wasn't supernatural — it was just the wind in the pipes.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	noise	noise	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	5	advmod	_	_
5	supernatural	supernatural	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	—	-	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
7	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
8	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	cop	_	_
9	just	just	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	wind	wind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	appos	_	_
12	in	in	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	pipes	pipe	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **is a** | past | the noise | supernatural |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **is a** | past | noise | the wind |  | the pipes |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Halloween stories are full of supernatural beings.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:supernatural:x7:1
# text = Halloween stories are full of supernatural beings.
1	Halloween	Halloween	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	stories	story	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
3	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	full	full	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	supernatural	supernatural	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	beings	being	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Halloween stories |  |  |  |  | of supernatural beings; full *property* | tree rules |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Their supernatural foe is a small gnome with a very long beard.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:supernatural:x8:1
# text = Their supernatural foe is a small gnome with a very long beard.
1	Their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
2	supernatural	supernatural	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	foe	foe	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	gnome	gnome	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
8	with	with	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
10	very	very	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
11	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	beard	beard	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Their supernatural foe | a small gnome |  |  |  | with a long beard | tree rules |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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