---
title: surfboard — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «surfboard» in the school dictionary: A surfboard is a long, narrow board that you stand or lie on to ride on waves in the sea. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# surfboard

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** surfboard, you, Dad, She, leash, surf shop · **What happens:** be, stand, lie on, ride, strap, paddle out · **To what, where:** long narrow board, waves, surfboard, wave, leash, surfboards

<!-- .vabout -->
«surfboard» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [surfboard in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/surfboard.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A surfboard is a long, narrow board that you stand or lie on to ride on waves in the sea.

<!-- fold The tree, 20 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:surfboard:m1:1
# text = A surfboard is a long, narrow board that you stand or lie on to ride on waves in the sea.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	surfboard	surfboard	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
5	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
7	narrow	narrow	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	board	board	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
9	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	11	obj	_	_
10	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
11	stand	stand	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	acl:relcl	_	_
12	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	lie	lie	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	conj	_	_
14	on	on	ADP	RP	_	13	compound:prt	_	_
15	to	to	PART	TO	_	16	mark	_	_
16	ride	ride	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	13	advcl	_	_
17	on	on	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	waves	wave	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	obl	_	_
19	in	in	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	sea	sea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a surfboard | a long narrow board |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **stand** | present | you | a long narrow board |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer that=Stimulus |
| 3 | **lie on** | present | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **ride** | to-infinitive | you *not said here* |  |  | waves |  | in the sea | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Dad strapped the surfboard to the top of the car.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:surfboard:x1:1
# text = Dad strapped the surfboard to the top of the car.
1	Dad	dad	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	strapped	strap	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	surfboard	surfboard	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	to	to	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	top	top	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	car	car	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **strap** | past | Dad | the surfboard |  |  |  | to the top of the car *result* | vn spank-18.3 «NP V NP PP.result»: agent=Agent surfboard=Patient to top=Result |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She paddled out on her surfboard to catch a wave.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:surfboard:x2:1
# text = She paddled out on her surfboard to catch a wave.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	paddled	paddle	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	out	out	ADP	RP	_	2	compound:prt	_	_
4	on	on	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	surfboard	surfboard	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
7	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	mark	_	_
8	catch	catch	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	advcl	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	wave	wave	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **paddle out** | past | She |  |  | her surfboard |  |  | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **catch** | to-infinitive | She *not said here* | a wave |  |  |  |  | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent wave=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
My surfboard has a leash that ties to my ankle.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:surfboard:x3:1
# text = My surfboard has a leash that ties to my ankle.
1	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	surfboard	surfboard	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	leash	leash	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	7	nsubj	_	_
7	ties	tie	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	acl:relcl	_	_
8	to	to	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
10	ankle	ankle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | My surfboard | a leash |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent leash=Patient |
| 2 | **tie** | present | a leash |  |  |  |  | to my ankle | vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V ADVP-Middle PP»: agent=Patient to ankle=Co-Patient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
You must wax your surfboard so you don't slip.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:surfboard:x4:1
# text = You must wax your surfboard so you don't slip.
1	You	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
2	must	must	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
3	wax	wax	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
4	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	surfboard	surfboard	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	so	so	SCONJ	IN	_	10	mark	_	_
7	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
8	do	do	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	10	advmod	_	_
10	slip	slip	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **slip** | present · do-support | you |  |  |  |  |  | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The surf shop rents surfboards by the hour.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:surfboard:x5:1
# text = The surf shop rents surfboards by the hour.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	surf	surf	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	shop	shop	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	rents	rent	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	surfboards	surfboard	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
6	by	by	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	hour	hour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **rent** | present | the surf shop | surfboards |  |  | hour |  | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent surfboard=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A surfboard costs 12 dollars an hour to rent, so 3 hours costs 36 dollars.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:surfboard:x6:1
# text = A surfboard costs 12 dollars an hour to rent, so 3 hours costs 36 dollars.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	surfboard	surfboard	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	costs	cost	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	12	12	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	dollars	dollar	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	hour	hour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod:unmarked	_	_
8	to	to	PART	TO	_	9	mark	_	_
9	rent	rent	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
11	so	so	ADV	RB	_	14	advmod	_	_
12	3	3	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	13	nummod	_	_
13	hours	hour	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	nsubj	_	_
14	costs	cost	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
15	36	36	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	16	nummod	_	_
16	dollars	dollar	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cost** | present | a surfboard | 12 dollars  a hour |  |  |  |  | vn cost-54.2 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme dollar=Value |
| 2 | **rent** | to-infinitive | a surfboard *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **cost** | present | 3 hours | 36 dollars |  |  |  |  | vn cost-54.2 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme dollar=Value |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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