---
title: surfing — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «surfing» in the school dictionary: The sport of riding on waves on a surfboard. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# surfing

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** riding, We, Surfing, She, coach, much web surfing · **What happens:** sport, look around, go, move along, surf, take · **To what, where:** site, something, summer holiday, balance, surfing lessons, beach

<!-- .vabout -->
«surfing» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [surfing in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/surfing.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The sport of riding on waves on a surfboard.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:surfing:m1:1
# text = The sport of riding on waves on a surfboard.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	sport	sport	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	riding	riding	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
5	on	on	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	waves	wave	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nmod	_	_
7	on	on	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	surfboard	surfboard	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sport** |  | riding on waves on a surfboard |  |  |  |  |  | nom sport «act intransitive»: of=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: in «web surfing», «internet surfing» — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Looking around on the internet, going from site to site.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:surfing:m2:1
# text = Looking around on the internet, going from site to site.
1	Looking	look	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
2	around	around	ADV	RB	_	1	advmod	_	_
3	on	on	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	internet	internet	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
7	going	go	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	1	conj	_	_
8	from	from	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	site	site	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
10	to	to	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	site	site	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **look around** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | on the internet; around *property* | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent on internet=Theme |
| 2 | **go** | gerund |  |  |  | site |  | to site | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location PP.destination»: agent=Theme from site=Initial\_Location to site=Destination |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Riding waves or moving along on something, as in «bodysurfing» or «crowd-surfing».

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:surfing:m3:1
# text = Riding waves or moving along on something, as in «bodysurfing» or «crowd-surfing».
1	Riding	riding	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	waves	wave	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	moving	move	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	conj	_	_
5	along	along	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
6	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
9	as	as	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
10	in	in	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	bodysurfing	bodysurfing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	12	punct	_	_
14	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
15	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	18	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	crowd	crowd	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	16	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	surfing	surfing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **move along** | gerund |  |  |  | something |  | along *property* | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme on something=Trajectory |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We went surfing on our summer holiday.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:surfing:x1:1
# text = We went surfing on our summer holiday.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	surfing	surf	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	xcomp	_	_
4	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
6	summer	summer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	holiday	holiday	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **go** | past | We |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7 «NP V S-Quote»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **surf** | gerund | We *not said here* |  |  | our summer holiday |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Surfing takes balance and strength.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:surfing:x2:1
# text = Surfing takes balance and strength.
1	Surfing	surfing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	takes	take	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	balance	balance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	strength	strength	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take** | present | Surfing | balance and strength |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent balance=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She is having surfing lessons at the beach.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:surfing:x3:1
# text = She is having surfing lessons at the beach.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	having	have	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
4	surfing	surfing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	lessons	lesson	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	at	at	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	beach	beach	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present · progressive | She | surfing lessons |  | the beach |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent lesson=Patient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Surfing became an Olympic sport.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:surfing:x4:1
# text = Surfing became an Olympic sport.
1	Surfing	surfing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	became	become	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	Olympic	olympic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	sport	sport	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **become** | past | Surfing | a Olympic sport |  |  |  |  | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The coach explained surfing safety: never surf alone.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:surfing:x5:1
# text = The coach explained surfing safety: never surf alone.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	coach	coach	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	explained	explain	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	surfing	surf	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	3	xcomp	_	_
5	safety	safety	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	8	punct	_	_
7	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	8	advmod	_	_
8	surf	surf	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	conj	_	_
9	alone	alone	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **explain** *speech: assert* | past | the coach |  |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **surf** | gerund | the coach *not said here* | safety |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **not** **surf** | infinitive | the coach *not said here* |  |  |  |  | alone *property* | tree rules |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Too much web surfing makes my eyes tired.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:surfing:x6:1
# text = Too much web surfing makes my eyes tired.
1	Too	too	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
2	much	much	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
3	web	web	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	surfing	surfing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	makes	make	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	eyes	eye	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	_
8	tired	tired	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present | much web surfing | my eyes |  |  |  | tired *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset eye=Product |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Bodysurfing is surfing without a board.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:surfing:x7:1
# text = Bodysurfing is surfing without a board.
1	Bodysurfing	bodysurf	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	surfing	surf	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
4	without	without	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	board	board	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **bodysurf** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **surf** | present · progressive |  |  |  |  |  | without a board | tree rules |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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