---
title: surgery — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «surgery» in the school dictionary: Medical treatment in which a doctor cuts into the body to repair or remove something; an operation. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/S/surgery/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [dictionaries](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/) / [school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/) / [S](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/S/) / surgery

# surgery

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** doctor, you, politician, Grandpa, dog, I · **What happens:** cut, repair, remove, go, see, meet · **To what, where:** Medical treatment, something, doctor, patients, local people, problems

<!-- .vabout -->
«surgery» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [surgery in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/surgery.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Medical treatment in which a doctor cuts into the body to repair or remove something; an operation.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:surgery:m1:1
# text = Medical treatment in which a doctor cuts into the body to repair or remove something; an operation.
1	Medical	medical	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	treatment	treatment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	7	obl	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	doctor	doctor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
7	cuts	cut	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	acl:relcl	_	_
8	into	into	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	body	body	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
11	to	to	PART	TO	_	12	mark	_	_
12	repair	repair	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	advcl	_	_
13	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
14	remove	remove	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	12	conj	_	_
15	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	14	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	18	punct	_	_
17	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	operation	operation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cut** | present | a doctor |  |  | Medical treatment |  | into the body | vn cut-21.1-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent into body=Patient |
| 2 | **repair** | to-infinitive | a doctor *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn remedy-45.7 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **remove** | infinitive | a doctor *not said here* | something |  |  |  |  | vn fire-10.10 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: UK, Ireland, Australia — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A place where you go to see a doctor or dentist; a doctor's office.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:surgery:m2:1
# text = A place where you go to see a doctor or dentist; a doctor's office.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nsubj	_	_
3	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	5	advmod	_	_
4	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
5	go	go	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	acl:relcl	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	see	see	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	xcomp	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	doctor	doctor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
10	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	dentist	dentist	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	16	punct	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	doctor	doctor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	's	's	PART	POS	_	14	case	_	_
16	office	office	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	16	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **go** | present | you |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7 «NP V S-Quote»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **see** | to-infinitive | you *not said here* | a doctor or dentist |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer doctor=Stimulus |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: UK — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The time when a doctor sees patients.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:surgery:m3:1
# text = The time when a doctor sees patients.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	6	mark	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	doctor	doctor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
6	sees	see	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	acl	_	_
7	patients	patient	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **see** | present | a doctor | patients |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer patient=Stimulus |

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: UK — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A time when a politician meets local people to hear their problems.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:surgery:m4:1
# text = A time when a politician meets local people to hear their problems.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl:unmarked	_	_
3	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	6	mark	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	politician	politician	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
6	meets	meet	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	local	local	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	_
9	to	to	PART	TO	_	10	mark	_	_
10	hear	hear	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	advcl	_	_
11	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	12	nmod:poss	_	_
12	problems	problem	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **meet** | present | a politician | local people |  |  | time |  | vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent people=Co-Agent |
| 2 | **hear** | to-infinitive | a politician *not said here* | people's problems |  |  |  |  | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer problem=Stimulus |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Grandpa had surgery on his knee.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:surgery:x1:1
# text = Grandpa had surgery on his knee.
1	Grandpa	Grandpa	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	surgery	surgery	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
4	on	on	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	knee	knee	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | Grandpa | surgery |  | Grandpa's knee |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent surgery=Patient |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The dog needed surgery after the accident.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:surgery:x2:1
# text = The dog needed surgery after the accident.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	dog	dog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	needed	need	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	surgery	surgery	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
5	after	after	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	accident	accident	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **need** | past | the dog | surgery |  |  | after the accident |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot surgery=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
I went to the doctor's surgery with a cough.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:surgery:x3:1
# text = I went to the doctor's surgery with a cough.
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	to	to	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	doctor	doctor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	's	's	PART	POS	_	5	case	_	_
7	surgery	surgery	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
8	with	with	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	cough	cough	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **go** | past | I |  |  | the doctor's surgery |  | with a cough | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to surgery=Initial\_Location |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Surgery hours are from 8 till 6.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:surgery:x4:1
# text = Surgery hours are from 8 till 6.
1	Surgery	surgery	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	hours	hour	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
3	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	from	from	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	8	8	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	0	root	_	_
6	till	till	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	6	6	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Surgery hours |  |  | 8 | till 6 |  | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The surgeon carried out the surgery carefully.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:surgery:x5:1
# text = The surgeon carried out the surgery carefully.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	surgeon	surgeon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	carried	carry	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	out	out	ADP	RP	_	3	compound:prt	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	surgery	surgery	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
7	carefully	carefully	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **carry out** | past | the surgeon | the surgery |  |  |  | carefully *property* | vn act-114 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent surgery=Eventuality |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Heart surgery can save lives.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:surgery:x6:1
# text = Heart surgery can save lives.
1	Heart	heart	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	surgery	surgery	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	save	save	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	lives	life	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **save** | can | Heart surgery | lives |  |  |  |  | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent life=Theme |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Great Claus got so frightened that he rushed out of the surgery, jumped into the cart, whipped up his horses, and drove home quickly.

<!-- fold The tree, 24 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:surgery:x7:1
# text = Great Claus got so frightened that he rushed out of the surgery, jumped into the cart, whipped up his horses, and drove home quickly.
1	Great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	Claus	Claus	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	got	get	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	so	so	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	frightened	frightened	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	xcomp	_	_
6	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
7	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
8	rushed	rush	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	advcl	_	_
9	out	out	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	surgery	surgery	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
14	jumped	jump	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
15	into	into	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	cart	cart	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
19	whipped	whip	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
20	up	up	ADP	RP	_	19	compound:prt	_	_
21	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	22	nmod:poss	_	_
22	horses	horse	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	19	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
24	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	25	cc	_	_
25	drove	drive	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
26	home	home	ADV	RB	_	25	advmod	_	_
27	quickly	quickly	ADV	RB	_	25	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **get** | past | Great Claus |  |  |  |  | frightened *property* | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer |
| 2 | **rush out** | past | Claus | the surgery |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme surgery=Trajectory |
| 3 | **jump** | past | Great Claus *not said here* |  |  | the cart |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme into cart=Destination |
| 4 | **whip up** | past | Great Claus *not said here* | Claus's horses |  |  |  |  | vn knead-26.5 «NP V NP.material»: agent=Agent horse=Material |
| 5 | **drive** | past | Great Claus *not said here* |  |  |  |  | home, quickly *property* | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [surgeon](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/S/surgeon/)
- next →: [surgical](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/S/surgical/)
- ↑ back to [S in school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/S/)