---
title: surrendered — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «surrendered» in the school dictionary: gave up in a fight or war and stopped fighting. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# surrendered

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** you, owner, army, He, robber, shelter · **What happens:** give up, stop, fight, hand over, surrender, move · **To what, where:** fight, something, passport, pet, animal shelter, dog

<!-- .vabout -->
«surrendered» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [surrendered in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/surrendered.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
gave up in a fight or war and stopped fighting.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:surrendered:m1:1
# text = gave up in a fight or war and stopped fighting.
1	gave	give	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	up	up	ADP	RP	_	1	compound:prt	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	fight	fight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
6	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	war	war	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	stopped	stop	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	1	conj	_	_
10	fighting	fight	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	9	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give up** | past |  |  |  | a fight or war |  |  | vn resign-10.11-2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **stop** | past |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Affector clause=Eventuality |
| 3 | **fight** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
handed something over, often because you must ("surrendered his passport").

<!-- fold The tree, 10 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:surrendered:m2:1
# text = handed something over, often because you must ("surrendered his passport").
1	handed	hand	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
2	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	1	obj	_	_
3	over	over	ADV	RB	_	1	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
5	often	often	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
6	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	11	mark	_	_
7	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
8	must	must	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	11	aux	_	_
9	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	surrendered	surrender	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	1	conj	_	_
12	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	13	nmod:poss	_	_
13	passport	passport	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hand over** | participle |  | something |  |  |  |  | vn send-11.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Theme |
| 2 | **surrender** *in a quote* | must | you | his passport |  |  |  | often *property* | vn contribute-13.2-1-1 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent passport=Theme |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: euphemism, official — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
of a pet: given up by its owner to an animal shelter.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:surrendered:m3:1
# text = of a pet: given up by its owner to an animal shelter.
1	of	of	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	pet	pet	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj:pass	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	5	punct	_	_
5	given	give	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	up	up	ADP	RP	_	5	compound:prt	_	_
7	by	by	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
9	owner	owner	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
10	to	to	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
11	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	animal	animal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	compound	_	_
13	shelter	shelter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give up** | participle · passive | pet's owner | a pet | a animal shelter |  |  |  | vn contribute-13.2 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent subject=Theme to shelter=Recipient |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The army surrendered at dawn.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:surrendered:x1:1
# text = The army surrendered at dawn.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	army	army	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	surrendered	surrender	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	at	at	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	dawn	dawn	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **surrender** | past | the army |  |  |  | dawn |  | vn contribute-13.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The dog was surrendered to the shelter when its owner moved.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:surrendered:x2:1
# text = The dog was surrendered to the shelter when its owner moved.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	dog	dog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	surrendered	surrender	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	shelter	shelter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
8	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	11	advmod	_	_
9	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
10	owner	owner	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	_
11	moved	move	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **surrender** | past · passive |  | the dog | the shelter |  |  |  | vn contribute-13.2-1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: subject=Theme to shelter=Recipient |
| 2 | **move** | past | dog's owner |  |  |  |  |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He surrendered his phone to the teacher.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:surrendered:x3:1
# text = He surrendered his phone to the teacher.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	surrendered	surrender	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	phone	phone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	to	to	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	teacher	teacher	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **surrender** | past | He | his phone | the teacher |  |  |  | vn contribute-13.2-1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent phone=Theme to teacher=Recipient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Many rabbits are surrendered after the holidays.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:surrendered:x4:1
# text = Many rabbits are surrendered after the holidays.
1	Many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	rabbits	rabbit	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
3	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	surrendered	surrender	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	after	after	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	holidays	holiday	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **surrender** | present · passive |  | Many rabbits |  |  | after the holidays |  | vn contribute-13.2-1-1 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: subject=Theme |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The robber surrendered to the police.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:surrendered:x5:1
# text = The robber surrendered to the police.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	robber	robber	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	surrendered	surrender	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	police	police	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **surrender** | past | the robber |  | the police |  |  |  | vn contribute-13.2-1-1 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent to police=Recipient |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The shelter takes in surrendered cats.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:surrendered:x6:1
# text = The shelter takes in surrendered cats.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	shelter	shelter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	takes	take	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	surrendered	surrender	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	amod	_	_
6	cats	cat	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take** | present | the shelter |  |  |  |  | in surrendered cats | vn fit-54.3 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent in cat=Location |
| 2 | **surrender** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn contribute-13.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Then the bird surrendered at once, and begged to be taken into Momotaro’s company.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:surrendered:x7:1
# text = Then the bird surrendered at once, and begged to be taken into Momotaro’s company.
1	Then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	4	advmod	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	bird	bird	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	surrendered	surrender	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	at	at	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	once	once	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Mult	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	begged	beg	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
10	to	to	PART	TO	_	12	mark	_	_
11	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	12	aux:pass	_	_
12	taken	take	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	9	xcomp	_	_
13	into	into	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
14	Momotaro	Momotaro	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	16	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	’s	's	PART	POS	_	14	case	_	_
16	company	company	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **surrender** | past | the bird |  |  |  | then |  | vn contribute-13.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **beg** *speech: request* | past | the bird *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn beg-58.2-1-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **take** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive · passive | the bird *not said here* |  |  | Momotaro's company |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP PP.destination»: into company=Destination |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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