---
title: swap — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «swap» in the school dictionary: To swap is to give one thing and get another in return. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/S/swap/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [dictionaries](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/) / [school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/) / [S](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/S/) / swap

# swap

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** swap, you, Tom, They, She, many stickers · **What happens:** swap, be, get, change, have, finish · **To what, where:** another, return, places, act, thing, 3 stickers

<!-- .vabout -->
«swap» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [swap in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/swap.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To swap is to give one thing and get another in return.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:swap:m1:1
# text = To swap is to give one thing and get another in return.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	swap	swap	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	csubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	give	give	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	7	nummod	_	_
7	thing	thing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	get	get	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	conj	_	_
10	another	another	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	9	obj	_	_
11	in	in	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	return	return	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **swap** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn substitute-13.6.2 «NP V PP.co-theme»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | give *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **get** | infinitive |  | another |  | return |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer another=Stimulus |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To swap places or seats is for two people to change places.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:swap:m2:1
# text = To swap places or seats is for two people to change places.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	swap	swap	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	places	place	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
4	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	seats	seat	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	conj	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
7	for	for	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	9	nummod	_	_
9	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
10	to	to	PART	TO	_	11	mark	_	_
11	change	change	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	advcl	_	_
12	places	place	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **swap** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | for two people | vn substitute-13.6.2 «NP V PP.co-theme»: agent=Theme for people=Co-Theme |
| 2 | **is a** | present |  | places or seats |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **change** | to-infinitive |  | places |  |  |  |  | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent place=Patient |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A swap is the act of swapping, or the thing you get.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:swap:m3:1
# text = A swap is the act of swapping, or the thing you get.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	swap	swap	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	act	act	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	swapping	swapping	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
9	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	thing	thing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	appos	_	_
12	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	_
13	get	get	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a swap | the act |  |  |  | of swapping | tree rules |
| 2 | **get** | present | you | the thing *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer thing=Stimulus |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Tom swaps 3 stickers for 2 of Ben's.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:swap:x1:1
# text = Tom swaps 3 stickers for 2 of Ben's.
1	Tom	Tom	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	swaps	swap	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	3	3	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	4	nummod	_	_
4	stickers	sticker	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	2	2	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	2	obl	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	Ben	Ben	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nmod:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	's	's	PART	POS	_	8	case	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **swap** | present | Tom | 3 stickers |  |  |  | for 2 of Ben | vn exchange-13.6.1 «NP V NP PP.co-theme»: agent=Agent sticker=Theme for 2=Co-Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They swap seats.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:swap:x2:1
# text = They swap seats.
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	swap	swap	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	seats	seat	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **swap** | present | They | seats |  |  |  |  | vn exchange-13.6.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent seat=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She swapped 4 marbles for 1 big one.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:swap:x3:1
# text = She swapped 4 marbles for 1 big one.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	swapped	swap	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	4	4	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	4	nummod	_	_
4	marbles	marble	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	1	1	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	8	nummod	_	_
7	big	big	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	one	one	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **swap** | past | She | 4 marbles |  |  |  | for 1 big one | vn exchange-13.6.1 «NP V NP PP.co-theme»: agent=Agent marble=Theme for one=Co-Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
How many stickers does Tom have after the swap?

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:swap:x4:1
# text = How many stickers does Tom have after the swap?
1	How	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	2	advmod	_	_
2	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	stickers	sticker	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
4	does	do	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
5	Tom	Tom	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
6	have	have	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
7	after	after	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	swap	swap	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present · do-support | many stickers |  |  |  | after the swap |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Can I swap my apple for your banana?

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:swap:x5:1
# text = Can I swap my apple for your banana?
1	Can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
2	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	swap	swap	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	apple	apple	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	banana	banana	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **swap** | can | I | my apple |  |  |  | for your banana | vn exchange-13.6.1 «NP V NP PP.co-theme»: agent=Agent apple=Theme for banana=Co-Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We swapped books after we finished reading.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:swap:x6:1
# text = We swapped books after we finished reading.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	swapped	swap	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	books	book	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
4	after	after	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
5	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
6	finished	finish	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	advcl	_	_
7	reading	read	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	6	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **swap** | past | We | books |  |  |  |  | vn exchange-13.6.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent book=Theme |
| 2 | **finish** | past | we |  |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Affector clause=Eventuality |
| 3 | **read** | gerund | we *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Swap the numbers: 4 + 7 is the same as 7 + 4.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:swap:x7:1
# text = Swap the numbers: 4 + 7 is the same as 7 + 4.
1	Swap	swap	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	numbers	number	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	1	punct	_	_
5	4	4	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	10	nsubj	_	_
6	+	+	SYM	SYM	_	7	cc	_	_
7	7	7	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	conj	_	_
8	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	same	same	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	1	parataxis	_	_
11	as	as	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	7	7	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	10	obl	_	_
13	+	+	SYM	SYM	_	14	cc	_	_
14	4	4	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	12	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **swap** | imperative | you *not said here* | the numbers |  |  |  |  | vn exchange-13.6.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent number=Theme |
| 2 | **is** | present | 4 |  |  |  |  | as 7; same *property* | tree rules |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
That was a fair swap.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:swap:x8:1
# text = That was a fair swap.
1	That	that	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	5	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	fair	fair	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	swap	swap	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | That | a fair swap |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The two players swapped shirts after the match.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:swap:x9:1
# text = The two players swapped shirts after the match.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	3	nummod	_	_
3	players	player	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
4	swapped	swap	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	shirts	shirt	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
6	after	after	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	match	match	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **swap** | past | the two players | shirts |  |  | after the match |  | vn exchange-13.6.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent shirt=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [swan](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/S/swan/)
- next →: [sward](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/S/sward/)
- ↑ back to [S in school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/S/)