---
title: swedish — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «swedish» in the school dictionary: From or to do with Sweden, a country in northern Europe. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# swedish

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** We, pen pal, Swedish flag, Pippi, Tack, other Danish stories · **What happens:** do, speak, eat, be, live, mean · **To what, where:** language, Sweden, Swedish meatballs, Swedish, Stockholm, famous Swedish book character · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«swedish» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [swedish in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/swedish.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
From or to do with Sweden, a country in northern Europe.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:swedish:m1:1
# text = From or to do with Sweden, a country in northern Europe.
1	From	from	SCONJ	IN	_	4	mark	_	_
2	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
3	to	to	PART	TO	_	4	mark	_	_
4	do	do	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	with	with	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	Sweden	Sweden	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	country	country	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	appos	_	_
10	in	in	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	northern	northern	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	Europe	Europe	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **do** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | with Sweden | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Swedish food, a Swedish girl.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:swedish:m1e:1
# text = Swedish food, a Swedish girl.
1	Swedish	Swedish	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	food	food	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	Swedish	Swedish	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	girl	girl	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The language spoken in Sweden (and partly in Finland).

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:swedish:m2:1
# text = The language spoken in Sweden (and partly in Finland).
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	language	language	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	spoken	speak	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	Sweden	Sweden	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
6	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	partly	partly	ADV	RB	_	2	conj	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	Finland	Finland	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **speak** *speech: other* | participle |  | the language *not said here* |  | Sweden |  |  | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We ate Swedish meatballs with jam.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:swedish:x1:1
# text = We ate Swedish meatballs with jam.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	ate	eat	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	Swedish	Swedish	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	meatballs	meatball	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	with	with	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	jam	jam	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **eat** | past | We | Swedish meatballs |  |  |  | with jam | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent meatball=Patient |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Swedish is spoken in Sweden and parts of Finland.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:swedish:x2:1
# text = Swedish is spoken in Sweden and parts of Finland.
1	Swedish	swedish	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	spoken	speak	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	Sweden	Sweden	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	parts	part	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	conj	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	Finland	Finland	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **speak** *speech: other* | present · passive |  | Swedish |  | Sweden and parts of Finland |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
My pen pal is Swedish and lives in Stockholm.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:swedish:x3:1
# text = My pen pal is Swedish and lives in Stockholm.
1	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
2	pen	pen	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	pal	pal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
5	Swedish	Swedish	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	lives	live	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	Stockholm	Stockholm	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | My pen pal |  |  |  |  | swedish *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **live** | present | My pen pal *not said here* |  |  | Stockholm |  |  | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in stockholm=Location |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Swedish flag is blue with a yellow cross.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:swedish:x4:1
# text = The Swedish flag is blue with a yellow cross.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	Swedish	Swedish	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	flag	flag	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
5	blue	blue	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
6	with	with	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	yellow	yellow	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	cross	cross	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | the Swedish flag |  |  |  |  | with a yellow cross; blue *property* | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Pippi Longstocking is a famous Swedish book character.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:swedish:x5:1
# text = Pippi Longstocking is a famous Swedish book character.
1	Pippi	Pippi	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
2	Longstocking	Longstocking	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	1	flat	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
5	famous	famous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
6	Swedish	Swedish	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
7	book	book	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	character	character	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Pippi | a famous Swedish book character |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
"Tack" means "thank you" in Swedish.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:swedish:x6:1
# text = "Tack" means "thank you" in Swedish.
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Tack	tack	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
4	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	thank	thank	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	ccomp	_	_
7	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	6	punct	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	Swedish	Swedish	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | Tack |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **thank** *speech: thank* *in a quote* | present |  |  | you | Swedish |  |  | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent you=Theme |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The other Danish and Swedish stories are not alarming.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:swedish:x7:1
# text = The other Danish and Swedish stories are not alarming.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
2	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
3	Danish	danish	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	Swedish	Swedish	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	conj	_	_
6	stories	story	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nsubj	_	_
7	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
8	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	9	advmod	_	_
9	alarming	alarming	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **is** | present | the other Danish stories |  |  |  |  | alarming *property* | tree rules |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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