---
title: swot — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «swot» in the school dictionary: A swot is a pupil who studies very hard, sometimes said in a mocking way. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# swot

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** swot, pupil, She, I, He, his · **What happens:** be, study, say, mock, swot, swot up · **To what, where:** pupil, mocking way, idea, business, swot, extra homework · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«swot» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [swot in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/swot.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: UK informal, teasing — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A swot is a pupil who studies very hard, sometimes said in a mocking way.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:swot:m1:1
# text = A swot is a pupil who studies very hard, sometimes said in a mocking way.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	swot	swot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	pupil	pupil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	7	nsubj	_	_
7	studies	study	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	acl:relcl	_	_
8	very	very	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
9	hard	hard	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
11	sometimes	sometimes	ADV	RB	PronType=Ind	12	advmod	_	_
12	said	say	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	9	conj	_	_
13	in	in	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
14	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
15	mocking	mock	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	16	amod	_	_
16	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a swot | a pupil |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **study** | present | a pupil |  |  |  |  | hard *property* | vn learn-14-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **say** *speech: assert* | participle | a pupil *not said here* |  |  | a mocking way |  | sometimes *property* | vn pronounce-29.3.1 «NP V NP PP.manner»: agent=Agent in way=Manner |
| 4 | **mock** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: UK informal — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To swot or swot up is to study hard, especially before a test.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:swot:m2:1
# text = To swot or swot up is to study hard, especially before a test.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	swot	swot	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	advcl	_	_
3	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	swot	swot	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	conj	_	_
5	up	up	ADP	RP	_	4	compound:prt	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
7	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	mark	_	_
8	study	study	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	hard	hard	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	8	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
11	especially	especially	ADV	RB	_	14	advmod	_	_
12	before	before	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	test	test	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **swot** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **swot up** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | hard, study *property* | tree rules |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
SWOT (capitals) is short for Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats, a way to plan or judge an idea in business or school projects.

<!-- fold The tree, 22 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:swot:m3:1
# text = SWOT (capitals) is short for Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats, a way to plan or judge an idea in business or school projects.
1	SWOT	swot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
2	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	capitals	capital	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	3	punct	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
6	short	short	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
7	for	for	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	Strengths	strength	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
10	Weaknesses	weakness	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
12	Opportunities	opportunity	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
14	Threats	threat	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
16	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	parataxis	_	_
18	to	to	PART	TO	_	19	mark	_	_
19	plan	plan	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	17	acl	_	_
20	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
21	judge	judge	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	19	conj	_	_
22	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
23	idea	idea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obj	_	_
24	in	in	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
25	business	business	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obl	_	_
26	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	28	cc	_	_
27	school	school	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	compound	_	_
28	projects	project	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	25	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | SWOT |  |  |  |  | for Strengths and Weaknesses and Opportunities and Threats; short *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **plan** | to-infinitive | SWOT *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **judge** | infinitive | SWOT *not said here* | a idea |  | business or school projects |  |  | vn estimate-34.2-1-1 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Agent idea=Value |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She's a swot and always does extra homework.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:swot:x1:1
# text = She's a swot and always does extra homework.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	's	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	swot	swot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
6	always	always	ADV	RB	PronType=Tot	7	advmod	_	_
7	does	do	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
8	extra	extra	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	homework	homework	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | She | a swot |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **do** | present | She *not said here* | extra homework |  |  |  | always *property* | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent homework=Eventuality |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
I need to swot up on my times tables.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:swot:x2:1
# text = I need to swot up on my times tables.
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	need	need	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	to	to	PART	TO	_	4	mark	_	_
4	swot	swot	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	xcomp	_	_
5	up	up	ADP	RP	_	4	compound:prt	_	_
6	on	on	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
8	times	time	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	compound	_	_
9	tables	table	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **need** | present | I |  |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme |
| 2 | **swot up** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | I *not said here* |  |  | my times tables |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He spent the weekend swotting for his test.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:swot:x3:1
# text = He spent the weekend swotting for his test.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	spent	spend	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	weekend	weekend	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	swotting	swot	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	advcl	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	test	test	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **spend** | past | He |  |  |  | weekend |  | vn consume-66-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **swot** | gerund | He *not said here* |  |  |  |  | for his test | tree rules |
| 3 | **test** |  | his *= he* |  |  |  |  |  | nom test «cognition transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Don't call people swots for working hard.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:swot:x4:1
# text = Don't call people swots for working hard.
1	Do	do	AUX	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	3	advmod	_	_
3	call	call	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
5	swots	swot	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
7	working	work	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	advcl	_	_
8	hard	hard	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	7	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **call** | imperative · do-support | you *not said here* | people |  |  |  |  | vn dub-29.3.2 «NP V NP NP»: agent=Agent people=Theme swot=Result |
| 2 | **work** | gerund | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  | hard *property* | vn employment-95.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We did a SWOT analysis of our school fair plan.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:swot:x5:1
# text = We did a SWOT analysis of our school fair plan.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	did	do	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	SWOT	swot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	analysis	analysis	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
7	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
8	school	school	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	_
9	fair	fair	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	plan	plan	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **do** | past | We | a SWOT analysis of our school fair plan |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent analysis=Eventuality |
| 2 | **analyze** |  |  | our school fair plan |  |  |  |  | nom analysis «act transitive»: of=patient |
| 3 | **plan** |  | our |  |  |  |  |  | nom plan «cognition transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Being a swot paid off when she won the quiz.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:swot:x6:1
# text = Being a swot paid off when she won the quiz.
1	Being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	cop	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	swot	swot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	paid	pay	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	acl	_	_
5	off	off	ADP	RP	_	4	compound:prt	_	_
6	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	8	mark	_	_
7	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
8	won	win	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	advcl	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	quiz	quiz	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | gerund |  | a swot |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **pay off** | participle |  | a swot *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **win** | past | she | the quiz |  |  |  |  | vn succeed-74-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent quiz=Eventuality |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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