---
title: synthesis — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «synthesis» in the school dictionary: A synthesis is a mix or combination of different ideas, parts or things into one new whole. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/S/synthesis/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [dictionaries](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/) / [school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/) / [S](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/S/) / synthesis

# synthesis

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** synthesis, Photosynthesis, Sound synthesis, speech synthesis, computer, plants · **What happens:** be, make, join, speak, project, let · **To what, where:** mix, new whole, substance, simpler substances, nature, light · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«synthesis» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [synthesis in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/synthesis.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A synthesis is a mix or combination of different ideas, parts or things into one new whole.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:synthesis:m1:1
# text = A synthesis is a mix or combination of different ideas, parts or things into one new whole.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	synthesis	synthesis	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	mix	mix	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	combination	combination	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	different	different	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	ideas	idea	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
12	parts	part	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	conj	_	_
13	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
14	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	conj	_	_
15	into	into	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
16	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	18	nsubj	_	_
17	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
18	whole	whole	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a synthesis | a mix or combination |  | new whole |  | of different ideas and parts or things | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: science — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Synthesis is making a substance by joining simpler substances, in nature or in a lab.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:synthesis:m2:1
# text = Synthesis is making a substance by joining simpler substances, in nature or in a lab.
1	Synthesis	synthesis	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	making	make	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	substance	substance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	by	by	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
7	joining	join	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	advcl	_	_
8	simpler	simple	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	9	amod	_	_
9	substances	substance	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
11	in	in	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	nature	nature	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	_
13	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
14	in	in	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	lab	lab	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present · progressive | Synthesis | a substance |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset substance=Product |
| 2 | **join** | gerund | Synthesis *not said here* | simpler substances |  | nature or a lab |  |  | vn mix-22.1-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent substance=Patient |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: science — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Photosynthesis is how plants make their own food from light, water and carbon dioxide.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:synthesis:m3:1
# text = Photosynthesis is how plants make their own food from light, water and carbon dioxide.
1	Photosynthesis	photosynthesis	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	how	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	5	advmod	_	_
4	plants	plant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
5	make	make	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
7	own	own	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	food	food	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
9	from	from	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	light	light	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
12	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	conj	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
14	carbon	carbon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	compound	_	_
15	dioxide	dioxide	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Photosynthesis |  |  | light and water and carbon dioxide |  | make *property* | tree rules |

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: music, computers — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Sound synthesis is making sounds electronically, and speech synthesis is a computer speaking.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:synthesis:m4:1
# text = Sound synthesis is making sounds electronically, and speech synthesis is a computer speaking.
1	Sound	sound	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	synthesis	synthesis	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	making	make	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	sounds	sound	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
6	electronically	electronically	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
9	speech	speech	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	_
10	synthesis	synthesis	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	_
11	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	cop	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	computer	computer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
14	speaking	speak	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	13	acl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present · progressive | Sound synthesis | sounds |  |  |  | electronically *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset sound=Product |
| 2 | **is a** | present | speech synthesis | a computer |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **speak** *speech: other* | gerund | a computer *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Photosynthesis is how plants make food from sunlight.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:synthesis:x1:1
# text = Photosynthesis is how plants make food from sunlight.
1	Photosynthesis	photosynthesis	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	how	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	5	advmod	_	_
4	plants	plant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
5	make	make	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	ccomp	_	_
6	food	food	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
7	from	from	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	sunlight	sunlight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **be** | present | Photosynthesis |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **make** | present | plants | food |  | sunlight |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V PP»: agent=Asset food=Product from sunlight=Material |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The report was a synthesis of ideas from many books.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:synthesis:x2:1
# text = The report was a synthesis of ideas from many books.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	report	report	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	synthesis	synthesis	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	ideas	idea	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	_
8	from	from	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	books	book	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | the report | a synthesis |  |  |  | of ideas from many books | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Scientists made the medicine by chemical synthesis.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:synthesis:x3:1
# text = Scientists made the medicine by chemical synthesis.
1	Scientists	scientist	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	medicine	medicine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	by	by	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	chemical	chemical	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	synthesis	synthesis	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | past | Scientists | the medicine |  |  |  | by chemical synthesis | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset medicine=Product |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Our project was a synthesis of art and science.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:synthesis:x4:1
# text = Our project was a synthesis of art and science.
1	Our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	project	project	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	synthesis	synthesis	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	art	art	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	science	science	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | Our project | a synthesis |  |  |  | of art and science | tree rules |
| 2 | **project** |  | Our |  |  |  |  |  | nom project «act transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Speech synthesis lets the computer read stories aloud.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:synthesis:x5:1
# text = Speech synthesis lets the computer read stories aloud.
1	Speech	speech	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	synthesis	synthesis	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	lets	let	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	computer	computer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
6	read	read	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	parataxis	_	_
7	stories	story	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	_
8	aloud	aloud	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **let** | present | Speech synthesis |  |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **read** | past | the computer | stories |  |  |  | aloud *property* | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent story=Topic |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The synthesis of proteins happens inside our cells.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:synthesis:x6:1
# text = The synthesis of proteins happens inside our cells.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	synthesis	synthesis	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	proteins	protein	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nmod	_	_
5	happens	happen	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	inside	inside	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	cells	cell	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **happen** | present | the synthesis of proteins |  |  | our cells |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme inside cell=Location |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Your essay should be a synthesis, not a copy of one source.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:synthesis:x7:1
# text = Your essay should be a synthesis, not a copy of one source.
1	Your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	essay	essay	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	should	should	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
4	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	cop	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	synthesis	synthesis	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
8	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	10	advmod	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	copy	copy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	appos	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	13	nummod	_	_
13	source	source	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | should | Your essay | a synthesis |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **essay** |  | Your |  |  |  |  |  | nom essay «communication transitive»: poss=agent |
| 3 | **copy** |  |  | one source |  |  |  |  | nom copy «communication transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [synonymous](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/S/synonymous/)
- next →: [synthetic](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/S/synthetic/)
- ↑ back to [S in school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/S/)