---
title: synthetic — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «synthetic» in the school dictionary: Synthetic means made by people from chemicals or in a factory, not naturally grown or found: synthetic materials such as nylon, polyester and plastic. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# synthetic

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Synthetic, Synthetics, Nylon, synthetic material, Wool, polyester · **What happens:** mean, make, not grow, find, be, combine · **To what, where:** chemicals, factory, synthetic materials, parts, synthetic fibre, raincoat · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«synthetic» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [synthetic in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/synthetic.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Synthetic means made by people from chemicals or in a factory, not naturally grown or found: synthetic materials such as nylon, polyester and plastic.

<!-- fold The tree, 24 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:synthetic:m1:1
# text = Synthetic means made by people from chemicals or in a factory, not naturally grown or found: synthetic materials such as nylon, polyester and plastic.
1	Synthetic	synthetic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	nsubj	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	ccomp	_	_
4	by	by	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl:agent	_	_
6	from	from	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	chemicals	chemical	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
8	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	factory	factory	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
13	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	15	advmod	_	_
14	naturally	naturally	ADV	RB	_	15	advmod	_	_
15	grown	grow	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	11	acl:relcl	_	_
16	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
17	found	find	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	15	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	20	punct	_	_
19	synthetic	synthetic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	_
20	materials	material	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	conj	_	_
21	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP	23	case	_	_
22	as	as	ADP	IN	_	21	fixed	_	_
23	nylon	nylon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
25	polyester	polyester	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	conj	_	_
26	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	27	cc	_	_
27	plastic	plastic	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | Synthetic |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **make** | participle |  |  |  | chemicals or a factory and synthetic materials such nylon and polyester and plastic |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V PP»: agent=Asset from chemical=Material |
| 3 | **not** **grow** | participle |  | a factory *not said here* |  |  |  | naturally *property* | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **find** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V what S\_INF»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Synthetic also means fake or artificial: synthetic flavours, synthetic diamonds.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:synthetic:m2:1
# text = Synthetic also means fake or artificial: synthetic flavours, synthetic diamonds.
1	Synthetic	synthetic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	nsubj	_	_
2	also	also	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
3	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	fake	fake	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	xcomp	_	_
5	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	artificial	artificial	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	9	punct	_	_
8	synthetic	synthetic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	flavours	flavour	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
11	synthetic	synthetic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	diamonds	diamond	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | Synthetic |  |  |  |  | fake *property* | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: noun — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Synthetics are synthetic materials or fabrics.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:synthetic:m3:1
# text = Synthetics are synthetic materials or fabrics.
1	Synthetics	Synthetic	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	synthetic	synthetic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	materials	material	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
5	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	fabrics	fabric	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Synthetics | synthetic materials or fabrics |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: formal, science — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Synthetic can mean made by combining parts into a whole (synthesis).

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:synthetic:m4:1
# text = Synthetic can mean made by combining parts into a whole (synthesis).
1	Synthetic	synthetic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	nsubj	_	_
2	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	mean	mean	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	ccomp	_	_
5	by	by	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
6	combining	combine	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	4	advcl	_	_
7	parts	part	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	_
8	into	into	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
10	whole	whole	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
11	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	synthesis	synthesis	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | can | Synthetic |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **make** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset |
| 3 | **combine** | gerund |  | parts |  |  |  | into a whole synthesis | vn mix-22.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.co-patient»: agent=Agent part=Patient into synthesis=Co-Patient |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Nylon is a synthetic fibre.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:synthetic:x1:1
# text = Nylon is a synthetic fibre.
1	Nylon	Nylon	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	synthetic	synthetic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	fibre	fibre	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Nylon | a synthetic fibre |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
My raincoat is made of a synthetic material that keeps water out.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:synthetic:x2:1
# text = My raincoat is made of a synthetic material that keeps water out.
1	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	raincoat	raincoat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	synthetic	synthetic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	material	material	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
9	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	10	nsubj	_	_
10	keeps	keep	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	acl:relcl	_	_
11	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	_
12	out	out	ADP	RP	_	10	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present · passive |  | My raincoat |  |  |  | of a synthetic material | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product |
| 2 | **keep out** | present | a synthetic material | water |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent water=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Wool is natural, but polyester is synthetic.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:synthetic:x3:1
# text = Wool is natural, but polyester is synthetic.
1	Wool	wool	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	natural	natural	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
5	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
6	polyester	polyester	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
7	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
8	synthetic	synthetic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Wool |  |  |  |  | natural *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **is** | present | polyester |  |  |  |  | synthetic *property* | tree rules |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The pitch has synthetic grass, so it never needs mowing.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:synthetic:x4:1
# text = The pitch has synthetic grass, so it never needs mowing.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	pitch	pitch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	synthetic	synthetic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	grass	grass	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
7	so	so	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
8	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
9	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	10	advmod	_	_
10	needs	need	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
11	mowing	mow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	10	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | the pitch | synthetic grass |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent grass=Patient |
| 2 | **not** **need** | present | pitch |  |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme |
| 3 | **mow** *not said to happen* | gerund | pitch *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn carve-21.2-2 «NP V ADVP-Middle»: agent=Patient |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Synthetic rubber is made from oil.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:synthetic:x5:1
# text = Synthetic rubber is made from oil.
1	Synthetic	synthetic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	rubber	rubber	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	from	from	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	oil	oil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present · passive |  | Synthetic rubber |  | oil |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V PP»: subject=Product from oil=Material |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Synthetic diamonds are made in labs.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:synthetic:x6:1
# text = Synthetic diamonds are made in labs.
1	Synthetic	synthetic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	diamonds	diamond	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	labs	lab	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present · passive |  | Synthetic diamonds |  | labs |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Washing synthetics can release tiny plastic bits into the sea.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:synthetic:x7:1
# text = Washing synthetics can release tiny plastic bits into the sea.
1	Washing	wash	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	4	csubj	_	_
2	synthetics	synthetic	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obj	_	_
3	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	release	release	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	tiny	tiny	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
6	plastic	plastic	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	bits	bit	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
8	into	into	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	sea	sea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wash** | gerund |  | synthetics |  |  |  |  | vn floss-41.2.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent synthetic=Patient |
| 2 | **release** | can | Washing | tiny plastic bits |  | the sea |  |  | vn free-10.6.3-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Causer bit=Source |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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