---
title: ta — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «ta» in the school dictionary: Ta means «thank you»: «Ta, mate.». Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# ta

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Ta, Ta ta, pencil, that, you · **What happens:** mean, thank, say, be, teach, owe · **To what, where:** you, goodbye, small children, part, assistant, TA · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«ta» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [ta in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/ta.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: UK, Australia, NZ, informal — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Ta means «thank you»: «Ta, mate.».

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ta:m1:1
# text = Ta means «thank you»: «Ta, mate.».
1	Ta	Ta	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	thank	thank	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	ccomp	_	_
5	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	9	punct	_	_
8	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	Ta	Ta	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
11	mate	mate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | Ta |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **thank** *speech: thank* *in a quote* | present |  |  | you |  |  |  | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent you=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«Ta-ta» (informal, UK) means «goodbye», often said to small children.

<!-- fold The tree, 11 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ta:m2:1
# text = «Ta-ta» (informal, UK) means «goodbye», often said to small children.
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Ta	Ta	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	ta	ta	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	4	punct	_	_
6	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	informal	informal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
9	UK	UK	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	7	punct	_	_
11	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
12	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	goodbye	goodbye	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
16	often	often	ADV	RB	_	17	advmod	_	_
17	said	say	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	11	conj	_	_
18	to	to	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	_
20	children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | Ta ta | goodbye |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent goodbye=Topic |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | participle | Ta ta *not said here* |  | small children |  |  | often *property* | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V PP.recipient S-Quote»: agent=Agent to child=Recipient |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
As a fragment, «ta» can be part of a longer word, or short for «teaching assistant» (TA) in schools.

<!-- fold The tree, 19 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ta:m3:1
# text = As a fragment, «ta» can be part of a longer word, or short for «teaching assistant» (TA) in schools.
1	As	as	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	fragment	fragment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	ta	ta	X	GW	_	10	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	6	punct	_	_
8	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	10	aux	_	_
9	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	cop	_	_
10	part	part	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	longer	long	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	14	amod	_	_
14	word	word	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
16	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
17	short	short	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	parataxis	_	_
18	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	20	mark	_	_
19	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	20	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	teaching	teach	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	17	advcl	_	_
21	assistant	assistant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	20	punct	_	_
23	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	24	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	TA	TA	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	20	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	24	punct	_	_
26	in	in	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
27	schools	school	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	20	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | can | ta | part |  |  |  | as a fragment; of a longer word | tree rules |
| 2 | **teach** *speech: other* *in a quote* | gerund | ta *not said here* | assistant | TA | schools |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent assistant=Recipient ta=Topic |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«Here's your pencil.» «Ta!»

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* «Here's your pencil.»

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ta:x1:1
# text = «Here's your pencil.»
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Here	here	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	's	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	cop	_	_
4	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	pencil	pencil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** *in a quote* | present | your pencil |  |  |  |  | here *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* «Ta!»

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ta:x1:2
# text = «Ta!»
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Ta	ta	INTJ	UH	_	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Ta for the lift, Mum.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ta:x2:1
# text = Ta for the lift, Mum.
1	Ta	Ta	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
2	for	for	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	lift	lift	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
6	Mum	mum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Ta very much, that's lovely.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ta:x3:1
# text = Ta very much, that's lovely.
1	Ta	Ta	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
2	very	very	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
3	much	much	ADV	RB	_	1	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
5	that	that	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	7	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	's	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
7	lovely	lovely	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	1	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | that |  |  |  |  | lovely *property* | tree rules |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Say ta-ta to Granny!

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ta:x4:1
# text = Say ta-ta to Granny!
1	Say	say	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	ta	ta	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	ta	ta	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
5	to	to	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	Granny	Granny	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | imperative | you *not said here* | ta ta | Granny |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent ta=Topic to granny=Recipient |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Ta, mate, I owe you one.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ta:x5:1
# text = Ta, mate, I owe you one.
1	Ta	Ta	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
3	mate	mate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
5	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
6	owe	owe	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	6	obj	_	_
8	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **owe** | present | Ta and mate | you |  |  |  | one *obl* | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent you=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Our TA helps us with reading every morning.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ta:x6:1
# text = Our TA helps us with reading every morning.
1	Our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	TA	ta	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	helps	help	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	us	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	obj	_	_
5	with	with	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
6	reading	read	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	advcl	_	_
7	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	8	det	_	_
8	morning	morning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **help** | present | Our TA |  | us |  |  |  | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent we=Beneficiary |
| 2 | **read** | gerund | Our TA *not said here* |  |  |  | morning |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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