---
title: take — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «take» in the school dictionary: To take is to get hold of something and move it or have it. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# take

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** walk, opinion, I, you, UK, Exams · **What happens:** take, be, move, have, hold, take away · **To what, where:** hold, something, someone, place, them, bath · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«take» in the school dictionary: its 10 meanings for a pupil and its 12 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [take in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/take.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To take is to get hold of something and move it or have it.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:take:m1:1
# text = To take is to get hold of something and move it or have it.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	take	take	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	csubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	get	get	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	hold	hold	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	6	nmod	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	move	move	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	conj	_	_
11	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	obj	_	_
12	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	have	have	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	conj	_	_
14	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | get *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **move** | infinitive |  | hold |  |  |  |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent it=Theme |
| 4 | **have** | infinitive |  | hold |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Patient |
| 5 | **hold** |  |  | something |  |  |  |  | nom hold «act transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To take something away is to remove it.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:take:m2:1
# text = To take something away is to remove it.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	take	take	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	advcl	_	_
3	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	2	obj	_	_
4	away	away	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	remove	remove	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take away** | to-infinitive |  | something |  |  |  | away *property* | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Theme |
| 2 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | remove *property* | tree rules |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To take someone or something to a place is to carry or lead them there.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:take:m3:1
# text = To take someone or something to a place is to carry or lead them there.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	take	take	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	11	advcl	_	_
3	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	2	obj	_	_
4	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	3	conj	_	_
6	to	to	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
9	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	cop	_	_
10	to	to	PART	TO	_	11	mark	_	_
11	carry	carry	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
12	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	lead	lead	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	11	conj	_	_
14	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	obj	_	_
15	there	there	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	13	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take** | to-infinitive |  | someone |  | a place |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent someone=Theme to place=Destination |
| 2 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | carry *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **lead** | infinitive |  | them *= they* |  | there |  |  | vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme |

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To take can mean to use time: «The walk takes 10 minutes».

<!-- fold The tree, 12 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:take:m4:1
# text = To take can mean to use time: «The walk takes 10 minutes».
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	take	take	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	aux	_	_
3	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	mean	mean	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	use	use	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	xcomp	_	_
7	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	12	punct	_	_
9	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	walk	walk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	_
12	takes	take	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	parataxis	_	_
13	10	10	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	14	nummod	_	_
14	minutes	minute	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | can · infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **use** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  | time |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **take** *in a quote* | present | the walk |  |  |  | minute |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

## Meaning 5 {#m5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To take also means to do or have: take a bath, take a photo, take a test, take turns.

<!-- fold The tree, 19 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:take:m5:1
# text = To take also means to do or have: take a bath, take a photo, take a test, take turns.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	take	take	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	4	nsubj	_	_
3	also	also	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
4	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	do	do	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	ccomp	_	_
7	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	have	have	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	10	punct	_	_
10	take	take	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	4	parataxis	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	bath	bath	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
14	take	take	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	10	conj	_	_
15	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	photo	photo	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
18	take	take	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	10	conj	_	_
19	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	test	test	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
22	take	take	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	10	conj	_	_
23	turns	turn	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	22	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **do** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **have** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **take** | infinitive |  | a bath |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bath=Theme |
| 6 | **take** | infinitive |  | a photo |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent photo=Theme |
| 7 | **take** | infinitive |  | a test |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent test=Theme |
| 8 | **take** | infinitive |  | turns |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent turn=Theme |

## Meaning 6 {#m6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To take something (without asking) is to steal it.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:take:m6:1
# text = To take something (without asking) is to steal it.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	take	take	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	advcl	_	_
3	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	2	obj	_	_
4	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	without	without	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
6	asking	ask	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	6	punct	_	_
8	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
9	to	to	PART	TO	_	10	mark	_	_
10	steal	steal	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
11	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take** | to-infinitive |  | something |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Theme |
| 2 | **ask** *speech: ask* | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | steal *property* | tree rules |

## Meaning 7 {#m7}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: casual — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Your «take» is your opinion: «What's your take?».

<!-- fold The tree, 9 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:take:m7:1
# text = Your «take» is your opinion: «What's your take?».
1	Your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
2	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	take	take	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	csubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
6	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	opinion	opinion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	7	punct	_	_
9	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	13	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	's	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	cop	_	_
12	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	13	nmod:poss	_	_
13	take	take	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take** *in a quote* | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is a** | present |  | Your opinion |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **is a** *in a quote* | present | Your opinion | your take |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Meaning 8 {#m8}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: casual — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«Take it easy» means relax; «I'll take it» means I'll buy it.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:take:m8:1
# text = «Take it easy» means relax; «I'll take it» means I'll buy it.
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Take	take	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	6	nsubj	_	_
3	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	obj	_	_
4	easy	easy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
6	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	relax	relax	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
9	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	12	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	'll	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	12	aux	_	_
12	take	take	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	15	nsubj	_	_
13	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	12	punct	_	_
15	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	parataxis	_	_
16	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	18	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	'll	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	18	aux	_	_
18	buy	buy	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	15	ccomp	_	_
19	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	18	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take** *in a quote* | infinitive |  | it |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP ADVP»: agent=Instrument it=Theme easy=Destination |
| 2 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **relax** *not said to happen* | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |
| 4 | **take** *in a quote* | future | I | it |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme |
| 5 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 6 | **buy** | future | I | it |  |  |  |  | vn accept-77.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme |

## Meaning 9 {#m9}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: rude — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«Are you taking the mickey/piss?» (UK) means «are you making fun of me?»; «take a hike» means go away.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* «Are you taking the mickey/piss?»

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:take:m9:1
# text = «Are you taking the mickey/piss?»
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
4	taking	take	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	mickey/piss	mickey/piss	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take** *in a quote* | present · progressive | you | the mickey/piss |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent mickey/piss=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (UK) means «are you making fun of me?»; «take a hike» means go away.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:take:m9:2
# text = (UK) means «are you making fun of me?»; «take a hike» means go away.
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	UK	UK	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
4	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	_
7	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
8	making	make	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	4	ccomp	_	_
9	fun	fun	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
15	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	16	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	take	take	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	20	nsubj	_	_
17	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	hike	hike	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	16	punct	_	_
20	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	parataxis	_	_
21	go	go	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	20	ccomp	_	_
22	away	away	ADV	RB	_	21	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | UK |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **make** *in a quote* | present · progressive | you | fun of me |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fun=Product |
| 3 | **take** *in a quote* | infinitive |  | a hike |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hike=Theme |
| 4 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 5 | **go away** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | away *property* | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Meaning 10 {#m10}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: formal — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Exams say «subtract», «deduct», «remove», «withdraw» or «appropriate» for taking away, and «require» for time taken.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:take:m10:1
# text = Exams say «subtract», «deduct», «remove», «withdraw» or «appropriate» for taking away, and «require» for time taken.
1	Exams	exam	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	say	say	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	subtract	subtract	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
7	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	deduct	deduct	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
11	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	remove	remove	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	2	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
15	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	16	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	withdraw	withdraw	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	12	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	16	punct	_	_
18	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
19	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	20	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	appropriate	appropriate	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	20	punct	_	_
22	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	23	mark	_	_
23	taking	take	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	20	advcl	_	_
24	away	away	ADV	RB	_	23	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	28	punct	_	_
26	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	28	cc	_	_
27	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	28	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	require	require	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	12	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	28	punct	_	_
30	for	for	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
31	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	obl	_	_
32	taken	take	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	28	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | Exams |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **subtract** *in a quote* | infinitive |  | deduct |  |  |  |  | vn multiply-108-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **remove** *in a quote* | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn fire-10.10 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **withdraw** *in a quote* | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 5 | **take away** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | away *property* | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 6 | **require** *in a quote* | infinitive |  |  |  |  | time |  | vn require-103-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Theme clause=Precondition |
| 7 | **take** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
I take one apple off the table.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:take:x1:1
# text = I take one apple off the table.
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	take	take	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	4	nummod	_	_
4	apple	apple	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	off	off	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	table	table	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take** | present | I | one apple |  | the table |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP PP.initial\_location»: agent=Agent apple=Theme off table=Initial\_Location |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Today's lesson: Taking away within 20.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:take:x2:1
# text = Today's lesson: Taking away within 20.
1	Today	today	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	's	's	PART	POS	_	1	case	_	_
3	lesson	lesson	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	5	punct	_	_
5	Taking	take	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	3	acl	_	_
6	away	away	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
7	within	within	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	20	20	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take away** | gerund | Today's lesson *not said here* |  |  |  |  | within 20; away *property* | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Ben takes 4 cookies from the jar.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:take:x3:1
# text = Ben takes 4 cookies from the jar.
1	Ben	Ben	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	takes	take	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	4	4	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	4	nummod	_	_
4	cookies	cookie	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	from	from	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	jar	jar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take** | present | Ben | 4 cookies |  | the jar |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP PP.initial\_location»: agent=Agent cookie=Theme from jar=Initial\_Location |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Take away 6 from 9 and you have 3.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:take:x4:1
# text = Take away 6 from 9 and you have 3.
1	Take	take	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	away	away	ADV	RB	_	1	advmod	_	_
3	6	6	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	1	obj	_	_
4	from	from	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	9	9	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	1	obl	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
7	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
8	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	conj	_	_
9	3	3	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take away** | imperative | you *not said here* | 6 |  | 9 |  | away *property* | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP PP»: agent=Agent 6=Theme from 9=Initial\_Location |
| 2 | **have** | present | you | 3 |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent 3=Patient |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It takes 15 minutes to walk to school.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:take:x5:1
# text = It takes 15 minutes to walk to school.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	takes	take	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	15	15	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	4	nummod	_	_
4	minutes	minute	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	walk	walk	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	advcl	_	_
7	to	to	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	school	school	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take** | present | It |  |  |  | minute |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **walk** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | to school *result* | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.result»: agent=Theme to school=Result |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We take turns on the swing.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:take:x6:1
# text = We take turns on the swing.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	take	take	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	turns	turn	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
4	on	on	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	swing	swing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take** | present | We | turns |  | the swing |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent turn=Theme on swing=Destination |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The plane took off on time.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:take:x7:1
# text = The plane took off on time.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	plane	plane	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	took	take	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	off	off	ADP	RP	_	3	compound:prt	_	_
5	on	on	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take off** | past | the plane |  |  |  | time |  | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Grab 3 each and take it easy, there's heaps.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:take:x8:1
# text = Grab 3 each and take it easy, there's heaps.
1	Grab	grab	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
2	3	3	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	1	flat	_	_
3	each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	2	advmod	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	take	take	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	obj	_	_
7	easy	easy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
9	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	10	expl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	's	be	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	parataxis	_	_
11	heaps	heap	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take** | infinitive | Grab | it |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP ADVP»: agent=Instrument it=Theme easy=Destination |
| 2 | **does** | present | heaps |  |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Who took my bloody charger? I had 2 and now there's 1.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Who took my bloody charger?

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:take:x9:1
# text = Who took my bloody charger?
1	Who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	2	nsubj	_	_
2	took	take	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
4	bloody	bloody	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	charger	charger	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take** | past |  | my bloody charger |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent charger=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* I had 2 and now there's 1.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:take:x9:2
# text = I had 2 and now there's 1.
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	2	2	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	2	obj	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
5	now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	7	advmod	_	_
6	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	7	expl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	's	be	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
8	1	1	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	7	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | I | 2 |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent 2=Patient |
| 2 | **be** | present | 1 |  |  | there | now |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 10 {#x10}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We got a takeaway for 4 people, 2 dishes each.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:take:x10:1
# text = We got a takeaway for 4 people, 2 dishes each.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	got	get	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	takeaway	takeaway	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	4	4	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	7	nummod	_	_
7	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
9	2	2	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	10	nummod	_	_
10	dishes	dish	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	conj	_	_
11	each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **get** | past | We | a takeaway |  |  |  | for 4 people and 2 dishes | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP.beneficiary NP»: agent=Agent takeaway=Beneficiary each=Theme |

## Example 11 {#x11}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Deduct 6 from the aggregate of 9 and state the remainder.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:take:x11:1
# text = Deduct 6 from the aggregate of 9 and state the remainder.
1	Deduct	Deduct	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
2	6	6	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	1	flat	_	_
3	from	from	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	aggregate	aggregate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	nmod	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	9	9	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	nmod	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	state	state	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	1	conj	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	remainder	remainder	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **state** *speech: other* | infinitive |  | the remainder |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent remainder=Topic |

## Example 12 {#x12}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Determine the time required to travel 12 kilometres at 4 kilometres per hour.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:take:x12:1
# text = Determine the time required to travel 12 kilometres at 4 kilometres per hour.
1	Determine	determine	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	required	require	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	acl	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	travel	travel	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	xcomp	_	_
7	12	12	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	8	nummod	_	_
8	kilometres	kilometre	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	_
9	at	at	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	4	4	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	11	nummod	_	_
11	kilometres	kilometre	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl	_	_
12	per	per	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	hour	hour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **determine** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  | time |  | vn conjecture-29.5 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **require** | participle |  | the time *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn require-103-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Theme clause=Precondition |
| 3 | **travel** | to-infinitive |  | 12 kilometres |  | 4 kilometres per hour |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme kilometre=Trajectory |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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