---
title: tam — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «tam» in the school dictionary: A tam (short for tam-o'-shanter) is a soft, round, flat woollen cap, often with a bobble (pom-pom) on top, traditionally worn in Scotland. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# tam

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** tam, piper, Nan, Ukrainian, friend · **What happens:** be, wear, mean, say, not be, knit · **To what, where:** soft round flat woollen cap, Scotland, English word, sense, short form, tartan tam · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«tam» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [tam in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/tam.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A tam (short for tam-o'-shanter) is a soft, round, flat woollen cap, often with a bobble (pom-pom) on top, traditionally worn in Scotland.

<!-- fold The tree, 26 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:tam:m1:1
# text = A tam (short for tam-o'-shanter) is a soft, round, flat woollen cap, often with a bobble (pom-pom) on top, traditionally worn in Scotland.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	tam	tam	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	nsubj	_	_
3	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	short	short	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	tam	tam	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	o	o	NOUN	NN	_	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	shanter	shanter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	4	punct	_	_
13	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	21	cop	_	_
14	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
15	soft	soft	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
17	round	round	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
19	flat	flat	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	amod	_	_
20	woollen	woollen	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	amod	_	_
21	cap	cap	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
23	often	often	ADV	RB	_	26	advmod	_	_
24	with	with	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
25	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
26	bobble	bobble	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	appos	_	_
27	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	30	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	pom	pom	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	28	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	pom	pom	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	30	punct	_	_
32	on	on	ADP	IN	_	33	case	_	_
33	top	top	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	36	punct	_	_
35	traditionally	traditionally	ADV	RB	_	36	advmod	_	_
36	worn	wear	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	21	acl	_	_
37	in	in	ADP	IN	_	38	case	_	_
38	Scotland	Scotland	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	36	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
39	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	21	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a tam | a soft round flat woollen cap |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **wear** | participle |  | a soft round flat woollen cap *not said here* |  | Scotland |  | traditionally *property* | vn wipe\_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V PP-Conative»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: Ukrainian, in Latin letters — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«Tam» means «there» in Ukrainian (там), said like «tum»; it is not an English word in that sense.

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:tam:m2:1
# text = «Tam» means «there» in Ukrainian (там), said like «tum»; it is not an English word in that sense.
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Tam	tam	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
4	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	there	there	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	4	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	6	punct	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	Ukrainian	Ukrainian	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
10	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	там	там	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
14	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
15	like	like	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	17	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	tum	tum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
20	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	25	nsubj	_	_
21	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	25	cop	_	_
22	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	25	advmod	_	_
23	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
24	English	English	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	25	amod	_	_
25	word	word	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	parataxis	_	_
26	in	in	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
27	that	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	28	det	_	_
28	sense	sense	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | Tam |  |  |  |  | in Ukrainian | vn representation-110.1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Pivot in ukrainian=Attribute |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Tam *not said here* |  |  |  |  | like tum | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **not** **is a** | present | Tam | a English word |  | that sense |  |  | tree rules |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Tam is also a short form of the name Tamsin or Thomas (a name).

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:tam:m3:1
# text = Tam is also a short form of the name Tamsin or Thomas (a name).
1	Tam	tam	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
3	also	also	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	short	short	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	form	form	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	name	name	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	_
10	Tamsin	Tamsin	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
11	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	Thomas	Thomas	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	conj	_	_
13	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	name	name	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Tam | a short form |  |  |  | of the name Tamsin or Thomas | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The piper wore a tartan tam with a red bobble.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:tam:x1:1
# text = The piper wore a tartan tam with a red bobble.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	piper	piper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	wore	wear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	tartan	tartan	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	tam	tam	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
7	with	with	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	red	red	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	bobble	bobble	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wear** | past | the piper | a tartan tam |  |  |  | with a red bobble | vn wipe\_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent tam=Source |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In winter Nan knits me a woolly tam.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:tam:x2:1
# text = In winter Nan knits me a woolly tam.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	winter	winter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
3	Nan	Nan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	knits	knit	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	4	iobj	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	woolly	woolly	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	tam	tam	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **knit** | present | Nan | a woolly tam | me |  | winter |  | vn build-26.1 «NP V NP.beneficiary NP PP»: agent=Agent i=Beneficiary tam=Product |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«Tam o' Shanter» is a poem by Robert Burns.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:tam:x3:1
# text = «Tam o' Shanter» is a poem by Robert Burns.
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Tam	tam	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
3	o	of	ADP	IN	Abbr=Yes	5	case	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	5	punct	_	_
5	Shanter	Shanter	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
7	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	poem	poem	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
10	by	by	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	Robert	Robert	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	compound	_	_
12	Burns	Burn	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Tam of Shanter | a poem |  |  |  | by Robert Burns | tree rules |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In Ukrainian, «Vin tam» means «He is there».

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:tam:x4:1
# text = In Ukrainian, «Vin tam» means «He is there».
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	Ukrainian	Ukrainian	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
4	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	Vin	vin	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	flat	_	_
6	tam	tam	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	5	punct	_	_
8	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	nsubj	_	_
11	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	cop	_	_
12	there	there	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	8	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **vin** *in a quote* | infinitive |  | tam |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  | in Ukrainian | vn representation-110.1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Pivot in ukrainian=Attribute |
| 3 | **is** *in a quote* | present | Ukrainian |  |  |  |  | there *property* | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
My friend Tam plays the bagpipes.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:tam:x5:1
# text = My friend Tam plays the bagpipes.
1	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	friend	friend	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	Tam	Tam	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	_
4	plays	play	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	bagpipes	bagpipe	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **play** | present | My friend | the bagpipes |  |  |  |  | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bagpipe=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A tam is softer and flatter than a beanie.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:tam:x6:1
# text = A tam is softer and flatter than a beanie.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	tam	tam	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	softer	soft	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	0	root	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	flatter	flat	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	4	conj	_	_
7	than	than	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	beanie	beanie	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | a tam |  |  |  |  | soft *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **be** |  | a tam *not said here* |  |  |  |  | than a beanie | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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