---
title: tardiness — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «tardiness» in the school dictionary: Tardiness is being late, especially arriving late to school, work or a meeting. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# tardiness

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Tardiness, school, teacher, Traffic, coach · **What happens:** be, arrive, mean, do, send, miss · **To what, where:** school, something, letter, start, lessons, whole team wait · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«tardiness» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [tardiness in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/tardiness.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: formal — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Tardiness is being late, especially arriving late to school, work or a meeting.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:tardiness:m1:1
# text = Tardiness is being late, especially arriving late to school, work or a meeting.
1	Tardiness	tardiness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	4	cop	_	_
4	late	late	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
6	especially	especially	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
7	arriving	arrive	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	4	conj	_	_
8	late	late	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	7	advmod	_	_
9	to	to	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	school	school	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
12	work	work	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	conj	_	_
13	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
14	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	meeting	meeting	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Tardiness |  |  |  |  | late *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **arrive** | gerund | Tardiness *not said here* |  |  | school and work or a meeting |  | especially, late *property* | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to school=Initial\_Location |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Tardiness can mean being slow to do something.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:tardiness:m2:1
# text = Tardiness can mean being slow to do something.
1	Tardiness	tardiness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	mean	mean	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	5	cop	_	_
5	slow	slow	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	conj	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	do	do	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	xcomp	_	_
8	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | can | Tardiness |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is** | gerund | Tardiness *not said here* |  |  |  |  | slow *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **do** | to-infinitive | Tardiness *not said here* | something |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Eventuality |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The school sent a letter home about my tardiness.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:tardiness:x1:1
# text = The school sent a letter home about my tardiness.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	school	school	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	sent	send	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	letter	letter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	home	home	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
7	about	about	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
9	tardiness	tardiness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **send** | past | the school | a letter |  |  |  | about my tardiness; home *property* | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent letter=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Tardiness means missing the start of lessons.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:tardiness:x2:1
# text = Tardiness means missing the start of lessons.
1	Tardiness	tardiness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	missing	miss	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	xcomp	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	start	start	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	lessons	lesson	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | Tardiness |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **miss** *not said to happen* | gerund | Tardiness *not said here* | the start of lessons |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer start=Stimulus |
| 3 | **start** |  |  | lessons |  |  |  |  | nom start «event transitive»: of=patient |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Her tardiness made the whole team wait.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:tardiness:x3:1
# text = Her tardiness made the whole team wait.
1	Her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	tardiness	tardiness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
5	whole	whole	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
6	team	team	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	wait	wait	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | past | Her tardiness | the whole team wait |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset wait=Product |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The teacher said tardiness must improve this term.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:tardiness:x4:1
# text = The teacher said tardiness must improve this term.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	teacher	teacher	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	tardiness	tardiness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
5	must	must	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
6	improve	improve	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	ccomp	_	_
7	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	8	det	_	_
8	term	term	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | the teacher |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **improve** | must | tardiness | this term |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent term=Patient |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Traffic is no excuse for tardiness every day.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:tardiness:x5:1
# text = Traffic is no excuse for tardiness every day.
1	Traffic	traffic	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	4	det	_	_
4	excuse	excuse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	tardiness	tardiness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
7	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	8	det	_	_
8	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Traffic | no excuse |  |  |  | for tardiness  every day | tree rules |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The coach does not accept tardiness at practice.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:tardiness:x6:1
# text = The coach does not accept tardiness at practice.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	coach	coach	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	does	do	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
4	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	5	advmod	_	_
5	accept	accept	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	tardiness	tardiness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
7	at	at	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	practice	practice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **accept** | present · do-support | the coach | tardiness |  | practice |  |  | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tardiness=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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