---
title: tardy — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «tardy» in the school dictionary: Tardy means late, arriving after the right time: «Don't be tardy for class». Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# tardy

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Tardy, mark, I, you, tardy bell, hall · **What happens:** mean, arrive, not be, act, happen, be · **To what, where:** mark, three tardies, office, tardy, detention, school · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«tardy» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [tardy in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/tardy.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Tardy means late, arriving after the right time: «Don't be tardy for class».

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:tardy:m1:1
# text = Tardy means late, arriving after the right time: «Don't be tardy for class».
1	Tardy	Tardy	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	late	late	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	arriving	arrive	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	ccomp	_	_
6	after	after	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	right	right	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	15	punct	_	_
11	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	Do	do	AUX	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	15	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	15	advmod	_	_
14	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	15	cop	_	_
15	tardy	tardy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	parataxis	_	_
16	for	for	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	class	class	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | Tardy |  |  |  |  | late *property* | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **arrive** | gerund |  |  |  |  | time |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **not** **is** *in a quote* | infinitive · do-support |  |  |  |  |  | for class; tardy *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Tardy means slow to act or happen.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:tardy:m2:1
# text = Tardy means slow to act or happen.
1	Tardy	Tardy	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	slow	slow	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	xcomp	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	act	act	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
6	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	happen	happen	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | Tardy |  |  |  |  | slow *property* | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **act** | to-infinitive | Tardy *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **happen** | infinitive | Tardy *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: USA, school — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A tardy is a mark against you for arriving late, as in «I got three tardies».

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:tardy:m3:1
# text = A tardy is a mark against you for arriving late, as in «I got three tardies».
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	tardy	tardy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	mark	mark	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	against	against	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	5	nmod	_	_
8	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
9	arriving	arrive	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	acl	_	_
10	late	late	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	9	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
12	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	16	mark	_	_
13	in	in	ADP	IN	_	12	fixed	_	_
14	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	16	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	16	nsubj	_	_
16	got	get	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	parataxis	_	_
17	three	three	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	18	nummod	_	_
18	tardies	tardy	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	16	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a tardy | a mark |  |  |  | against you | tree rules |
| 2 | **arrive** | gerund | a mark *not said here* |  |  |  |  | late *property* | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **get** *in a quote* | past | I | three tardies |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer tardy=Stimulus |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
If you are tardy, sign in at the office.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:tardy:x1:1
# text = If you are tardy, sign in at the office.
1	If	if	SCONJ	IN	_	4	mark	_	_
2	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
3	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	tardy	tardy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
6	sign	sign	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	conj	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	RP	_	6	compound:prt	_	_
8	at	at	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	office	office	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | you |  |  |  |  | tardy *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **sign in** | infinitive | you *not said here* |  |  | the office |  |  | vn image\_impression-25.1 «NP V NP.theme PP.destination»: agent=Agent at office=Destination |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The tardy bell rang and the hall was empty.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:tardy:x2:1
# text = The tardy bell rang and the hall was empty.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	tardy	tardy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	bell	bell	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	rang	ring	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	hall	hall	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
8	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
9	empty	empty	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **ring** | past | the tardy bell |  |  |  |  |  | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **is** | past | the hall |  |  |  |  | empty *property* | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
I got a tardy because the bus broke down.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:tardy:x3:1
# text = I got a tardy because the bus broke down.
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	got	get	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	tardy	tardy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	bus	bus	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
8	broke	break	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	advcl	_	_
9	down	down	ADP	RP	_	8	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **get** | past | I | a tardy |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer tardy=Stimulus |
| 2 | **break down** | past | the bus |  |  |  |  |  | vn break-45.1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He was tardy three times this week.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:tardy:x4:1
# text = He was tardy three times this week.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	tardy	tardy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
4	three	three	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	times	time	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl:unmarked	_	_
6	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	7	det	_	_
7	week	week	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | He |  |  |  | time | tardy *property* | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The tardy reply came weeks after the letter.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:tardy:x5:1
# text = The tardy reply came weeks after the letter.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	tardy	tardy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	reply	reply	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	weeks	week	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl:unmarked	_	_
6	after	after	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	letter	letter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | past | the tardy reply |  |  |  | after the letter; week |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Three tardies mean a detention at our school.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:tardy:x6:1
# text = Three tardies mean a detention at our school.
1	Three	three	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	2	nummod	_	_
2	tardies	tardy	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	mean	mean	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	detention	detention	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	at	at	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	school	school	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | Three tardies | a detention |  | our school |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent detention=Topic |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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